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    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > unrestricted title

  • 2 ничем не ограниченное право собственности

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > ничем не ограниченное право собственности

  • 3 frei

    I Adj.
    1. free; freier Bürger HIST. freeborn citizen, freeman; ein freier Mensch (der tun kann, was er will) a free agent; sie ist frei zu gehen, wenn sie will she is free to go if she wishes; ich bin so frei altm. oder hum. sich bedienend etc.: if I may; ich war so frei, Ihr Auto zu nehmen oder und nahm Ihr Auto I took the liberty of using your car, I helped myself to your car
    2. Wahl, Wille etc.: free; Zugang: unrestricted, unlimited; (unbehindert) unrestrained; „frei ab 16“ Film: 16 (= no admission to persons under 16 years), Am. etwa R(-rated); jetzt haben wir freie Fahrt mit Zug: the signal’s green now, the train can go now; mit Auto: the road’s clear now; fig. there’s nothing to stop us now; auf freiem Fuß sein be free; Verbrecher: be at large; jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen set s.o. free, let s.o. go; das Recht auf freie Meinungsäußerung the right of free speech ( oder of self-expression); aus freien Stücken oder freiem Willen of one’s own free will; die freie Wahl haben zwischen... und... be free to choose between... and...
    3. (unabhängig, selbstständig) Stadt etc.: free; Beruf, Tankstelle etc.: independent; (nicht gebunden) unattached; Journalist, Künstler etc.: freelance; die freien Künste the liberal arts; freier Mitarbeiter freelance(r); Freie2
    4. im Namen von Organisationen etc.: Freie Demokratische Partei (abgek. FDP) Free Democratic Party; Freie Deutsche Jugend (abgek. FDJ) HIST., ehem. DDR Free German Youth; Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (abgek. FDGB) HIST., ehem. DDR Free German Trade Union Organization; die Freie Hansestadt Bremen the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen; die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg
    5. WIRTS.: im freien Handel available in the shops (Am. in stores); freier Markt open market; Börse: unofficial market; freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy; freier Wechselkurs floating exchange rate; ( die) freie Wirtschaft free enterprise; die Rechte an diesem Buchtitel werden bald frei the rights in this title will soon be free ( oder available)
    6. (unbesetzt) Stuhl, Raum etc.: free, available; Leitung: vacant; Stelle: vacant, open; Straße etc.: clear, empty; (unbeschrieben) Seite etc.: blank; frei am WC: vacant; am Taxi: for hire; freie Stelle vacancy; ist hier oder der Platz noch frei? is this seat taken?, is anyone sitting here?; der Stuhl / die Zeile muss frei bleiben the chair must be kept free / the line must be left blank; Platz frei lassen / machen für leave / make space for; jemandem den Weg frei machen clear the way for s.o.; zwei Zeilen frei lassen leave two blank lines; Bahn, Ring, Zimmer
    7. (unbedeckt) bare; der Rock lässt die Knie frei the skirt is above the knee; den Oberkörper frei machen strip to the waist
    8. Feld, Himmel, Sicht: open; aufs freie Meer hinaus out into the open sea; auf freier Strecke on an open stretch (EISENB. of line, Straße: of road); in freier Wildbahn in the wild; unter freiem Himmel in the open (air), outside
    9. Tag, Zeit etc.: free; nachgestellt: off; Person: free, not busy; freie Zeit free ( oder leisure) time; nächsten Dienstag ist frei next Tuesday is a holiday; hast du morgen frei? do you have tomorrow off?; seitdem habe ich keine freie Minute mehr since then I haven’t had a free moment ( oder a moment to myself); sind Sie ( gerade) frei? Taxi: are you taken?; Verkäufer: are you serving someone?
    10. (kostenlos) free (of charge); freier Eintritt admission free ( für to); Kinder unter sechs sind frei umg. von Eintritt, Fahrgeld: children under six are free, no charge for children under six; 20 kg Gepäck sind frei there is a baggage (bes. Am. luggage) allowance of 20kg; frei Haus carriage paid; Lieferung frei Haus free delivery, no delivery charge; dazu bekommt sie auch noch einen Job frei Haus fig. what’s more she gets a job handed to her on a plate; du hast noch zwei Versuche frei fig. you have two tries left
    11. frei von (ohne) free from ( oder of), without; von Eis, Schneeschicht etc.: clear of; von Steuern etc. befreit: exempt from; frei von Schmerzen free from pain; frei von Schulden free from debt; frei von Zusätzen free of additives; niemand ist frei von Fehlern / Vorurteilen nobody is perfect / free from prejudice
    12. sich frei machen von free o.s. of; (herauskommen aus) get out of; (loswerden) get rid of
    13. fig. (ungezwungen) free and easy; (offen) open; (moralisch großzügig) liberal; freie Liebe free love; sie ist schon viel freier geworden she has loosened up a great deal
    14. fig. Übersetzung: free; freie Hand haben have a free hand ( bei with); jemandem freie Hand lassen give s.o. a free hand ( bei with); aus oder mit der freien Hand zeichnen (ohne Hilfsmittel) draw s.th. freehand
    15. Sport (ungedeckt) unmarked; zum nächsten freien Mitspieler passen pass to the nearest unmarked player; der freie Mann ( vor der Abwehr) the sweeper
    16. POST. (frankiert) prepaid, post paid
    17. PHYS.; Elektron, Fall, Radikal etc.: free; CHEM. uncombined; im freien Fall in free fall; frei werden Energie etc.: be released; freie Valenzen CHEM. free valencies
    II Adv.
    1. atmen, herumlaufen etc.: freely; frei geboren freeborn; frei laufende Hühner free-range hens; Eier von frei laufenden Hühnern free-range eggs; frei lebende Tiere wildlife Sg., animals living in the wild ( oder out of captivity); frei praktizierender Arzt doctor in private practice
    2. herumliegen etc.: openly; frei zugänglich von allen Seiten: freely accessible; für alle: open to all; frei stehen Baum, Haus etc.: stand by itself; SPORT, Spieler: be unmarked; frei stehend Baum: solitary; Haus, nicht angebaut: detached; einzeln: isolated; SPORT, Spieler: unmarked
    3. WIRTS.: frei erhältlich freely available; frei finanziert privately financed; frei konvertierbar freely convertible; frei verkäuflich on general sale, freely available (to buy)
    4. TECH.: frei beweglich freely moving, mobile; frei hängend oder schwebend unsupported
    5. frei ( und offen) openly, frankly, freely; frank, freiheraus
    6. frei sprechen Redner: speak without notes; mit Handy im Auto: phone ( oder talk) hands-free, use the speaker phone; ich möchte den Vortrag frei halten I want to give the lecture without notes; einen Kreis frei zeichnen draw a circle freehand; das Kind kann schon frei laufen / stehen the child can walk / stand unaided
    7. frei erfunden (entirely) fictitious; das hat er frei erfunden he made that up; frei nach ( einem Stück von) X freely adapted from (a play by) X
    8. (liberal) liberally; frei erzogen sein have had a liberal upbringing
    * * *
    at liberty (Adv.);
    (freimütig) frank (Adj.);
    (nicht versklavt) unenslaved (Adj.);
    (unbefahren) clear (Adj.);
    (unbesetzt) vacant (Adj.);
    (unentgeltlich) gratis (Adj.); free (Adj.);
    (ungebunden) independent (Adj.); free (Adj.); unfettered (Adj.); unattached (Adj.); unengaged (Adj.)
    * * *
    [frai]
    1. ADJEKTIV
    1) = unbehindert free

    frei von etw — free of sth

    sich von etw frei halten — to avoid sth; von Vorurteilen etc to be free of sth; von Verpflichtungen to keep oneself free of sth

    die Straße frei geben/machen — to open/clear the road

    der Film ist frei ( für Jugendliche) ab 16 (Jahren) — this film is suitable for persons aged 16 years and over

    frei sein (Sport) — to be free or not marked

    ich bin so frei (form) — may I?diams; frei + SubstantivSiehe auch unter dem Eintrag für das jeweilige Substantiv.

    einem Zug freie Fahrt geben — to give a train the " go" signal

    jdm freie Hand lassen — to give sb free rein, to give sb a free hand

    das Recht der freien Rede or auf freie Rede — the right of free speech, the right to freedom of speech

    2) = unabhängig free; Schriftsteller, Journalist etc freelance; (= nicht staatlich) privatediams; frei + SubstantivSiehe auch unter dem Eintrag für das jeweilige Substantiv.

    Freie Deutsche Jugend (DDR) — youth wing of the former East German Socialist Unity Party

    Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (DDR) — Trades Union Congress of the former East Germany

    Freie Hansestadt Bremen — Free Hansa Town of Bremen

    freier Mitarbeiter — freelance, freelancer

    freie Reichsstadt (Hist) — free city of the Empire

    freie Tankstelle — independent petrol (Brit) or gas (US) station

    3) = verfügbar Mittel, Geld available; Zeit free

    ich bin jetzt frei für ihn — I can see him now; (am Telefon) I can speak to him now

    4)

    = arbeitsfrei morgen/Mittwoch ist frei — tomorrow/Wednesday is a holiday

    See:
    5)

    = ohne Hilfsmittel etw aus freier Hand zeichnen — to draw sth freehand

    ein Vortrag in freier Rede — an extemporary talk

    6) = unbesetzt Zimmer, Toilette vacant; Taxi for hire

    ist hier noch frei?, ist dieser Platz noch frei? — is anyone sitting here?, is this seat free?

    im Kino/Flugzeug waren noch zehn freie Plätze — in the cinema/plane there were still ten seats free

    "frei" (an Taxi) — "for hire"; (an Toilettentür) "vacant"

    "Zimmer frei" — "vacancies"

    haben Sie noch etwas frei? (in Hotel) — do you have any vacancies?

    bei HarperCollins sind einige Stellen frei — there are some vacancies at HarperCollins

    "Ausfahrt/Einfahrt frei halten" — "keep clear"

    für etw Platz frei lassen/machen — to leave/make room for sth

    7)

    = offen unter freiem Himmel — in the open air

    eine Frage/Aussage im freien Raum stehen lassen — to leave a question/statement hanging in mid-air

    See:
    → Freie(s), Feld
    8) = kostenlos free

    frei Schiff — free on board

    9) = unkonventionell Sitten, Erziehung liberal
    10) = unbekleidet bare
    11) = ungeschützt Autor out of copyright
    2. ADVERB
    1) = ungehindert freely; sprechen openly

    frei beweglich —

    das ist frei wählbar — you can choose as you please, it's completely optional

    frei laufend (Hunde, Katzen) — feral; Huhn free-range

    frei herumlaufen (inf) — to be free, to be running around free (inf)

    der Verbrecher läuft immer noch frei herum — the criminal is still at largediams; frei lebend Wölfe, Mustangherden etc living in the wild; Katzen, Stadttauben feral; Mikroorganismen free-livingdiams; frei stehen (Haus) to stand by itself; (Sport) to be free or not marked

    ein frei stehendes Gebäude — a free-standing building → auch cdiams; frei nach based on

    frei nach Goethe (Zitat) — as Goethe didn't say

    2)

    = ungezwungen sich frei und ungezwungen verhalten, frei und locker auftreten — to have a relaxed manner, to be easy-going

    3) = ohne Hilfsmittel unaided, without help

    das Kind kann frei stehen — the child can stand on its own or without any help

    frei sprechen —

    * * *
    1) (free from difficulty or obstacles: a clear road ahead.) clear
    2) ((often with of) without (risk of) being touched, caught etc: Is the ship clear of the rocks? clear of danger.) clear
    3) ((often with of) free: clear of debt; clear of all infection.) clear
    4) (allowed to move where one wants; not shut in, tied, fastened etc: The prison door opened, and he was a free man.) free
    5) (not forced or persuaded to act, think, speak etc in a particular way: free speech; You are free to think what you like.) free
    6) (frank, open and ready to speak: a free manner.) free
    7) (not working or having another appointment; not busy: I shall be free at five o'clock.) free
    8) (not occupied, not in use: Is this table free?) free
    9) free
    10) (not tied; free: The horses are loose in the field.) loose
    11) (not at work: He's taking tomorrow off; He's off today.) off
    12) (empty or unoccupied: a vacant chair; Are there any rooms vacant in this hotel?) vacant
    13) (empty or vacant: The room/seat was unoccupied.) unoccupied
    14) (not busy: I paint in my unoccupied hours / when I'm otherwise unoccupied.) unoccupied
    * * *
    [frai]
    I. adj
    1. (nicht gefangen, unabhängig) free
    \freier Autor/Übersetzer freelance writer/translator
    die \freie Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg
    \freie Kirche free church
    ein \freier Mann/eine \freie Frau a free man/woman
    ein \freier Gedanke free thought
    [Recht auf] \freie Meinungsäußerung [right to] freedom of speech
    ein \freier Mensch a free person
    \freier Mitarbeiter/ \freie Mitarbeiterin freelance[r]
    eine \freie Übersetzung a free translation
    etw zur \freien Verfügung haben to have sth at free disposal
    \freie Wahl haben to be free to choose
    aus \freiem Willen [o \freien Stücken] of one's own free will
    es war sein \freier Wille auszuwandern he emigrated of his own free will
    \frei und ungebunden footloose and fancy-free
    sich akk von etw dat \frei machen to free oneself from sth
    2. (freie Zeit) free
    ein \freier Tag a holiday; (von Schule, Job) a day off
    drei Tage/eine Woche \frei haben to have three days/a week off
    nächsten Donnerstag ist \frei, da ist Feiertag we've got next Thursday off - it's a holiday
    [sich dat] drei Tage/eine Woche \frei machen [o nehmen] to take three days/a week off
    er hat sich \frei genommen, da seine Tochter krank ist he's taken [some] time off because his daughter is ill
    \freie Zeit haben to have spare time
    3. (verfügbar) available
    es sind noch Mittel für kulturelle Veranstaltungen \frei there are still funds available for cultural events
    der Film ist ab 14 Jahren \frei the film is suitable for children from 14 years on
    sich akk [für jdn/etw] \frei machen to make oneself available [for sb/sth]
    ▪ \frei [für jdn] sein to be free [to see/speak to sb]
    4. (nicht besetzt/belegt) free; am WC vacant
    ist dieser Platz noch \frei? is this seat [already] taken?
    haben Sie noch ein Zimmer \frei? do you still have a room available?
    den Eingang \frei machen to clear the entrance
    einen Platz \frei lassen to keep a seat free
    einen Platz \frei machen to vacate a seat form
    eine \freie Stelle a vacant position
    ein \freies Zimmer a vacant room
    „Zimmer frei“ “rooms to rent”
    5. (kostenlos) free; Lieferung free [of charge]; Postsendung prepaid
    der Eintritt ist \frei entrance is free
    Kinder unter 6 Jahren sind \frei children below the age of six are admitted free
    20 kg Gepäck sind \frei 20 kg of luggage are allowed
    „Eintritt \frei“ “admission free”
    „Lieferung \frei Haus“ free home delivery
    ▪ \frei von etw dat sein to be free of sth
    die Straßen sind \frei von Eis the streets are clear of ice
    kein Mensch ist \frei von Fehlern nobody is perfect
    \frei von Konservierungsstoffen free from preservatives
    \frei von Schmerzen sein not to suffer any pain, to be free of pain
    \frei von Schuld blameless
    7. (ohne Hilfsmittel) off-the-cuff
    etw mit \freier Hand zeichnen to draw sth freehand
    \freie Rede/ \freier Vortrag impromptu speech/lecture
    eine \freie Rede halten to speak off-the-cut
    eine Zeile \frei lassen to leave a line free
    9. (offen) open
    der Zug hält auf \freier Strecke the train stops in the open country
    \freie Aussicht [o \freier Blick] unhampered view
    \freies Gelände open country
    unter \freiem Himmel open air
    das \freie Meer the open sea
    10. (ungezwungen) free and easy
    ihre Auffassungen sind mir doch etwas zu \frei her views are a little too liberal for me
    er ist viel \freier geworden he has loosened up a lot fam
    hier herrscht ein \freier Ton the atmosphere is very liberal here
    \freie Liebe free love
    ich bin so \frei (geh) if I may
    ich bin so \frei und nehme mir noch ein Stück I'll have another piece if I may
    11. (unbehindert) unhampered, unrestrained
    \freie Entwicklung free development
    12. (unbekleidet) bare
    machen Sie bitte Ihren Arm \frei please roll up your sleeve
    machen Sie bitte ihren Bauch \frei please uncover your stomach
    sich akk \frei machen to get undressed
    13. (unbeschrieben) blank
    ein \freies Blatt a blank sheet of paper
    Platz \frei lassen to leave a blank
    14. (nicht gebunden) free, single
    seit er sich von seiner Freundin getrennt hat, ist er wieder frei since he has split up with his girl-friend, he is single again
    15. ÖKON free
    \freier Kapital-/Warenverkehr free movement of capital/goods
    \freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy
    \freier Wechselkurs freely floating exchange rate
    16. CHEM, PHYS released
    Kräfte werden \frei forces are set free [or released]
    \freier Kohlenstoff/ \freie Wärme uncombined carbon/heat
    \freie Radikale free radicals
    17. (ungefähr)
    \frei nach... roughly quoting...
    II. adv
    1. (unbeeinträchtigt) freely
    das Haus steht ganz \frei the house stands completely on its own
    die Mörderin läuft immer noch \frei herum! the murderess is still on the loose!
    \frei atmen to breathe easy
    sich akk \frei entscheiden to decide freely
    \frei finanziert privately financed
    \frei stehen to stand alone [or by itself]
    \frei verkäuflich for sale without restrictions
    \frei zugänglich accessible from all sides
    2. (ungezwungen) freely, openly
    \frei erzogen liberally educated
    \frei heraus sprechen to speak frankly
    \frei improvisieren to improvise freely
    3. (uneingeschränkt) casually
    sich akk \frei bewegen können to be able to move in an uninhibited manner
    4. (nach eigenem Belieben)
    \frei erfunden to be completely made up
    5. (gratis) free
    Kinder unter 6 Jahren fahren \frei children below the age of six travel free
    etw \frei bekommen to get sth free
    ein Kabel \frei verlegen to lay a cable uncovered
    \frei in der Luft schweben to hover unsupported in the air
    \frei sprechen to speak off-the-cuff
    \frei laufend Tiere free-range
    Eier von \frei laufenden Hühnern eggs from free-range chickens
    \frei lebend living in the wild
    * * *
    1.
    1) free <man, will, life, people, decision, etc.>
    2) (nicht angestellt) freelance <writer, worker, etc.>
    3) (ungezwungen) free and easy; lax (derog.)
    4) (nicht eingesperrt, gefangen) free; at liberty pred.
    5) (offen) open

    unter freiem Himmel — in the open [air]; outdoors

    auf freier Strecke — (Straße) on the open road; (Eisenbahn) between stations

    frei herumlaufen — < person> run around scot-free

    6) (unbesetzt) vacant; unoccupied; free

    ein freier Stuhl/Platz — a vacant or free chair/seat

    Entschuldigung, ist hier noch frei? — excuse me, is this anyone's seat etc.?

    ein Bett ist [noch] frei — one bed is [still] free or not taken

    7) (kostenlos) free <food, admission>

    20 kg Gepäck frei haben — have or be allowed a 20 kilogram baggage allowance

    8) (ungenau)

    eine freie Übersetzung — a free or loose translation

    9) (ohne Vorlage) improvised

    der freie Fall — (Physik) free fall

    11)

    von etwas frei/frei von etwas sein — be free of something

    12) (verfügbar) spare; free

    ich habe heute frei/meinen freien Abend — I've got today off/this is my evening off

    sich (Dat.) frei nehmen — (ugs.) take some time off

    er ist noch/nicht mehr frei — he is still/no longer unattached

    13) (ohne Hilfsmittel)
    14) (unbekleidet) bare
    15) (bes. Fußball) unmarked
    16) (Chemie, Physik) free

    frei werden — (bei einer Reaktion) be given off

    freie Hand haben/jemandem freie Hand lassen — have/give somebody a free hand

    aus freien Stücken — (ugs.) of one's own accord; voluntarily

    auf freiem Fuß — (von Verbrechern etc.) at large

    2.
    adverbial <act, speak, choose> freely; < translate> freely, loosely
    * * *
    A. adj
    1. free;
    freier Bürger HIST freeborn citizen, freeman;
    ein freier Mensch (der tun kann, was er will) a free agent;
    sie ist frei zu gehen, wenn sie will she is free to go if she wishes;
    ich bin so frei obs oder hum sich bedienend etc: if I may;
    ich war so frei, Ihr Auto zu nehmen oder
    und nahm Ihr Auto I took the liberty of using your car, I helped myself to your car
    2. Wahl, Wille etc: free; Zugang: unrestricted, unlimited; (unbehindert) unrestrained;
    „frei ab 16“ FILM 16 (= no admission to persons under 16 years), US etwa R(-rated);
    jetzt haben wir freie Fahrt mit Zug: the signal’s green now, the train can go now; mit Auto: the road’s clear now; fig there’s nothing to stop us now;
    jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen set sb free, let sb go;
    das Recht auf freie Meinungsäußerung the right of free speech ( oder of self-expression);
    freiem Willen of one’s own free will;
    die freie Wahl haben zwischen … und … be free to choose between … and …
    3. (unabhängig, selbstständig) Stadt etc: free; Beruf, Tankstelle etc: independent; (nicht gebunden) unattached; Journalist, Künstler etc: freelance;
    die freien Künste the liberal arts;
    freier Mitarbeiter freelance(r); → Freie2
    4. im Namen von Organisationen etc:
    Freie Demokratische Partei (abk FDP) Free Democratic Party;
    Freie Deutsche Jugend (abk FDJ) hist DDR Free German Youth;
    Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (abk FDGB) hist DDR Free German Trade Union Organization;
    die Freie Hansestadt Bremen the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen;
    die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg
    5. WIRTSCH:
    im freien Handel available in the shops (US in stores);
    freier Markt open market; BÖRSE unofficial market;
    freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy;
    freier Wechselkurs floating exchange rate;
    (die) freie Wirtschaft free enterprise;
    die Rechte an diesem Buchtitel werden bald frei the rights in this title will soon be free ( oder available)
    6. (unbesetzt) Stuhl, Raum etc: free, available; Leitung: vacant; Stelle: vacant, open; Straße etc: clear, empty; (unbeschrieben) Seite etc: blank;
    frei am WC: vacant; am Taxi: for hire;
    freie Stelle vacancy;
    der Platz noch frei? is this seat taken?, is anyone sitting here?;
    der Stuhl/die Zeile muss frei bleiben the chair must be kept free/the line must be left blank;
    Platz frei lassen/machen für leave/make space for;
    jemandem den Weg frei machen clear the way for sb;
    zwei Zeilen frei lassen leave two blank lines; → Bahn, Ring, Zimmer
    7. (unbedeckt) bare;
    der Rock lässt die Knie frei the skirt is above the knee;
    den Oberkörper frei machen strip to the waist; → auch freilassen
    8. Feld, Himmel, Sicht: open;
    aufs freie Meer hinaus out into the open sea;
    auf freier Strecke on an open stretch (BAHN of line, Straße: of road);
    in freier Wildbahn in the wild;
    unter freiem Himmel in the open (air), outside
    9. Tag, Zeit etc: free; nachgestellt: off; Person: free, not busy;
    freie Zeit free ( oder leisure) time;
    nächsten Dienstag ist frei next Tuesday is a holiday;
    hast du morgen frei? do you have tomorrow off?;
    seitdem habe ich keine freie Minute mehr since then I haven’t had a free moment ( oder a moment to myself);
    sind Sie (gerade) frei? Taxi: are you taken?; Verkäufer: are you serving someone?
    10. (kostenlos) free (of charge);
    freier Eintritt admission free (
    für to);
    Kinder unter sechs sind frei umg von Eintritt, Fahrgeld: children under six are free, no charge for children under six;
    20 kg Gepäck sind frei there is a baggage (besonders US luggage) allowance of 20kg;
    frei Haus carriage paid;
    Lieferung frei Haus free delivery, no delivery charge;
    dazu bekommt sie auch noch einen Job frei Haus fig what’s more she gets a job handed to her on a plate;
    du hast noch zwei Versuche frei fig you have two tries left
    11.
    frei von (ohne) free from ( oder of), without; von Eis, Schneeschicht etc: clear of; von Steuern etc befreit: exempt from;
    frei von Schmerzen free from pain;
    frei von Schulden free from debt;
    frei von Zusätzen free of additives;
    niemand ist frei von Fehlern/Vorurteilen nobody is perfect/free from prejudice
    12.
    sich frei machen von free o.s. of; (herauskommen aus) get out of; (loswerden) get rid of
    13. fig (ungezwungen) free and easy; (offen) open; (moralisch großzügig) liberal;
    freie Liebe free love;
    sie ist schon viel freier geworden she has loosened up a great deal
    14. fig Übersetzung: free;
    freie Hand haben have a free hand (
    bei with);
    jemandem freie Hand lassen give sb a free hand (
    bei with);
    15. Sport (ungedeckt) unmarked;
    zum nächsten freien Mitspieler passen pass to the nearest unmarked player;
    der freie Mann (vor der Abwehr) the sweeper
    16. Postwesen: (frankiert) prepaid, post paid
    17. PHYS; Elektron, Fall, Radikal etc: free; CHEM uncombined;
    im freien Fall in free fall;
    frei werden Energie etc: be released;
    freie Valenzen CHEM free valencies
    B. adv
    1. atmen, herumlaufen etc: freely;
    frei geboren freeborn;
    frei laufende Hühner free-range hens;
    frei lebende Tiere wildlife sg, animals living in the wild ( oder out of captivity);
    frei praktizierender Arzt doctor in private practice;
    frei halten (einen Platz) keep, save; (Straße, Einfahrt) keep clear; (Angebot, Stelle etc) keep open;
    „Eingang frei halten!“ keep clear;
    frei halten von keep free of; (Eingang, Straße etc) keep clear of;
    frei halten keep sb free ( oder protect sb) from colds etc, keep colds etc away from sb;
    sich frei halten keep o.s. free (
    für for);
    sich frei halten von ward off, avoid
    2. herumliegen etc: openly;
    frei zugänglich von allen Seiten: freely accessible; für alle: open to all;
    frei stehen Baum, Haus etc: stand by itself; (leer stehen) be unoccupied, be empty; SPORT, Spieler: be unmarked;
    frei stehend Baum: solitary; Haus, nicht angebaut: detached; einzeln: isolated; SPORT, Spieler: unmarked
    3. WIRTSCH:
    frei erhältlich freely available;
    frei finanziert privately financed;
    frei konvertierbar freely convertible;
    frei verkäuflich on general sale, freely available (to buy)
    4. TECH:
    frei beweglich freely moving, mobile;
    schwebend unsupported
    5.
    frei (und offen) openly, frankly, freely; → frank, freiheraus
    6.
    frei sprechen Redner: speak without notes; mit Handy im Auto: phone ( oder talk) hands-free, use the speaker phone;
    ich möchte den Vortrag frei halten I want to give the lecture without notes;
    einen Kreis frei zeichnen draw a circle freehand;
    das Kind kann schon frei laufen/stehen the child can walk/stand unaided
    7.
    frei erfunden (entirely) fictitious;
    das hat er frei erfunden he made that up;
    frei nach (einem Stück von) X freely adapted from (a play by) X
    8. (liberal) liberally;
    frei erzogen sein have had a liberal upbringing; → auch freibekommen, freigeben etc
    …frei im adj
    1. (ohne …) Inhalt: …-free; Krankheit: free from …;
    stickstofffrei nitrogen-free, non-nitrogenous;
    tuberkulosefrei free from tuberculosis
    2. nicht geschehend: non-…;
    blendfrei Beleuchtung: non-dazzle;
    repressionsfrei Erziehung: non-repressive;
    schrumpffrei Wäsche: non-shrink, shrink-free
    3. nicht verlangt: exempt from …, …-exempt;
    visumfrei not requiring a visa, visa-exempt;
    zuschlagfrei on which no supplement is payable, exempt from supplement
    4. nicht bedeckt: Person: with bare …; Kleid: leaving … bare;
    fesselfrei clear of the ankles;
    nabelfrei with a bare midriff;
    schulterfrei off-the-shoulder
    5. unabhängig: independent of …;
    bündnisfrei independent of any alliance, unallied;
    reichsfrei HIST under the direct rule of the Emperor;
    trustfrei non-trust
    * * *
    1.
    1) free <man, will, life, people, decision, etc.>
    2) (nicht angestellt) freelance <writer, worker, etc.>
    3) (ungezwungen) free and easy; lax (derog.)
    4) (nicht eingesperrt, gefangen) free; at liberty pred.
    5) (offen) open

    unter freiem Himmel — in the open [air]; outdoors

    auf freier Strecke — (Straße) on the open road; (Eisenbahn) between stations

    frei herumlaufen — < person> run around scot-free

    6) (unbesetzt) vacant; unoccupied; free

    ein freier Stuhl/Platz — a vacant or free chair/seat

    Entschuldigung, ist hier noch frei? — excuse me, is this anyone's seat etc.?

    ein Bett ist [noch] frei — one bed is [still] free or not taken

    7) (kostenlos) free <food, admission>

    20 kg Gepäck frei haben — have or be allowed a 20 kilogram baggage allowance

    eine freie Übersetzung — a free or loose translation

    9) (ohne Vorlage) improvised

    der freie Fall — (Physik) free fall

    11)

    von etwas frei/frei von etwas sein — be free of something

    12) (verfügbar) spare; free

    ich habe heute frei/meinen freien Abend — I've got today off/this is my evening off

    sich (Dat.) frei nehmen — (ugs.) take some time off

    er ist noch/nicht mehr frei — he is still/no longer unattached

    13) (ohne Hilfsmittel)
    14) (unbekleidet) bare
    15) (bes. Fußball) unmarked
    16) (Chemie, Physik) free

    freie Hand haben/jemandem freie Hand lassen — have/give somebody a free hand

    aus freien Stücken — (ugs.) of one's own accord; voluntarily

    auf freiem Fuß — (von Verbrechern etc.) at large

    2.
    adverbial <act, speak, choose> freely; < translate> freely, loosely
    * * *
    adj.
    clear adj.
    detached adj.
    free adj.
    spare adj.
    uncommitted adj.
    unengaged adj.
    unenslaved adj.
    unfettered adj.
    unrestricted adj.
    untrapped adj. adv.
    freely adv.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > frei

  • 4 deshonesto

    adj.
    1 dishonest, backdoor, deceitful, lying.
    2 indecent, immodest, immoral, lewd.
    * * *
    1 (sin honestidad) dishonest
    2 (inmoral) immodest, indecent
    * * *
    ADJ
    1) (=no honrado) dishonest
    2) (=indecente) indecent
    proposición 1)
    * * *
    - ta adjetivo
    a) (tramposo, mentiroso) dishonest
    b) ( indecente) < proposiciones> improper, indecent; abuso
    * * *
    = unscrupulous, dishonest, corrupt, crooked, shifty, indecent, lewd [lewder -comp., lewdest -sup.].
    Ex. He had always anathematized those who took unscrupulous advantage of their positions, and those who succumbed to their insolent methods.
    Ex. Mostly facsimiles are made without dishonest intent, although some have certainly been intended to deceive, and the ease with which they can be identified varies with the reproduction process used.
    Ex. Unrestricted access to the Internet for input is promoting not just the banal but the postively corrupt.
    Ex. The article has the title 'Piracy, crooked printers, inflation bedevil Russian publishing'.
    Ex. 'Client' has overtones of shifty lawyers and overpaid realtors.
    Ex. The passage of the Exon bill would make criminal the sending of obscene, lewd, lascivious, filthy or indecent data over the Net = La aprobación de la ley Exon haría que fuese un delito el envío a través de Internet de información obscena, lujuriosa, lasciva, inmoral o indecente.
    Ex. The passage of the Exon bill would make criminal the sending of obscene, lewd, lascivious, filthy or indecent data over the Net = La aprobación de la ley Exon haría que fuese un delito el envío a través de Internet de información obscena, lujuriosa, lasciva, inmoral indecente.
    ----
    * de forma deshonesta = dishonestly.
    * de un modo deshonesto = dishonestly.
    * * *
    - ta adjetivo
    a) (tramposo, mentiroso) dishonest
    b) ( indecente) < proposiciones> improper, indecent; abuso
    * * *
    = unscrupulous, dishonest, corrupt, crooked, shifty, indecent, lewd [lewder -comp., lewdest -sup.].

    Ex: He had always anathematized those who took unscrupulous advantage of their positions, and those who succumbed to their insolent methods.

    Ex: Mostly facsimiles are made without dishonest intent, although some have certainly been intended to deceive, and the ease with which they can be identified varies with the reproduction process used.
    Ex: Unrestricted access to the Internet for input is promoting not just the banal but the postively corrupt.
    Ex: The article has the title 'Piracy, crooked printers, inflation bedevil Russian publishing'.
    Ex: 'Client' has overtones of shifty lawyers and overpaid realtors.
    Ex: The passage of the Exon bill would make criminal the sending of obscene, lewd, lascivious, filthy or indecent data over the Net = La aprobación de la ley Exon haría que fuese un delito el envío a través de Internet de información obscena, lujuriosa, lasciva, inmoral o indecente.
    Ex: The passage of the Exon bill would make criminal the sending of obscene, lewd, lascivious, filthy or indecent data over the Net = La aprobación de la ley Exon haría que fuese un delito el envío a través de Internet de información obscena, lujuriosa, lasciva, inmoral indecente.
    * de forma deshonesta = dishonestly.
    * de un modo deshonesto = dishonestly.

    * * *
    1 (tramposo, mentiroso) dishonest
    2 (indecente) ‹proposiciones› improper, indecent ‹mujer› ( ant) immodest ( arch), shameless abuso
    * * *

    deshonesto
    ◊ -ta adjetivo

    a) (tramposo, mentiroso) dishonest


    deshonesto,-a adjetivo
    1 (no honrado) dishonest
    2 (no pudoroso) indecent, improper
    ' deshonesto' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    deshonesta
    - sucia
    - sucio
    - chueco
    English:
    bent
    - corrupt
    - crooked
    - dishonest
    - improper
    * * *
    deshonesto, -a adj
    1. [sin honradez] dishonest
    2. [sin pudor] indecent, immoral
    * * *
    adj dishonest
    * * *
    deshonesto, -ta adj
    : dishonest
    * * *
    deshonesto adj dishonest

    Spanish-English dictionary > deshonesto

  • 5 run

    1. noun
    1) Lauf, der

    go for a run before breakfast — vor dem Frühstück einen Lauf machen

    make a late run — (Sport or fig.) zum Endspurt ansetzen

    come towards somebody/start off at a run — jemandem entgegenlaufen/losrennen

    I've had a good run for my money — ich bin auf meine Kosten gekommen

    2) (trip in vehicle) Fahrt, die; (for pleasure) Ausflug, der

    go for a run [in the car] — einen [Auto]ausflug machen

    3)

    she has had a long run of success — sie war lange [Zeit] erfolgreich

    have a long run — [Stück, Show:] viele Aufführungen erleben

    4) (succession) Serie, die; (Cards) Sequenz, die
    5) (tendency) Ablauf, der

    the general run of things/events — der Lauf der Dinge/der Gang der Ereignisse

    6) (regular route) Strecke, die
    7) (Cricket, Baseball) Lauf, der; Run, der
    8) (quantity produced) (of book) Auflage, die

    production run — Ausstoß, der (Wirtsch.)

    9) (demand) Run, der (on auf + Akk.)
    10)

    the runs — (coll.): (diarrhoea) Durchmarsch, der (salopp)

    11) (unrestricted use)
    12) (animal enclosure) Auslauf, der
    2. intransitive verb,
    -nn-, ran, run
    1) laufen; (fast also) rennen

    run for the bus — laufen od. rennen, um den Bus zu kriegen (ugs.)

    2) (compete) laufen
    3) (hurry) laufen

    don't run to me when things go wrong — komm mir nicht angelaufen, wenn etwas schiefgeht (ugs.)

    4) (roll) laufen; [Ball, Kugel:] rollen, laufen
    5) (slide) laufen; [Schlitten, [Schiebe]tür:] gleiten
    6) (revolve) [Rad, Maschine:] laufen
    7) (flee) davonlaufen
    8) (operate on a schedule) fahren

    run between two places — [Zug, Bus:] zwischen zwei Orten verkehren

    9) (pass cursorily)

    run through one's head or mind — [Gedanken, Ideen:] einem durch den Kopf gehen

    run through the various possibilities — die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten durchspielen

    10) (flow) laufen; [Fluss:] fließen

    run dry — [Fluss:] austrocknen; [Quelle:] versiegen

    run low or short — knapp werden; ausgehen

    11) (be current) [Vertrag, Theaterstück:] laufen
    12) (be present)

    run in the family — [Eigenschaft, Begabung:] in der Familie liegen

    13) (function) laufen

    keep/leave the engine running — den Motor laufen lassen/nicht abstellen

    the machine runs on batteries/oil — etc. die Maschine läuft mit Batterien/Öl usw.

    14) (have a course) [Straße, Bahnlinie:] verlaufen
    15) (have wording) lauten; [Geschichte:] gehen (fig.)
    16) (have certain level)

    inflation is running at 15 % — die Inflationsrate beläuft sich auf od. beträgt 15 %

    17) (seek election) kandidieren

    run for mayor — für das Amt des Bürgermeisters kandidieren

    18) (spread quickly)

    a shiver ran down my spine — ein Schau[d]er (geh.) lief mir den Rücken hinunter

    19) (spread undesirably) [Butter, Eis:] zerlaufen; (in washing) [Farben:] auslaufen
    20) (ladder) [Strumpf:] Laufmaschen bekommen
    3. transitive verb,
    -nn-, ran, run
    1) (cause to move) laufen lassen; (drive) fahren

    run one's hand/fingers through/along or over something — mit der Hand/den Fingern durch etwas fahren/über etwas (Akk.) streichen

    run an or one's eye along or down or over something — (fig.) etwas überfliegen

    2) (cause to flow) [ein]laufen lassen
    3) (organize, manage) führen, leiten [Geschäft usw.]; durchführen [Experiment]; veranstalten [Wettbewerb]; führen [Leben]
    4) (operate) bedienen [Maschine]; verkehren lassen [Verkehrsmittel]; einsetzen [Sonderbus, -zug]; laufen lassen [Motor]; abspielen [Tonband]

    run forward/back — vorwärts-/zurückspulen [Film, Tonband]

    5) (own and use) sich (Dat.) halten [Auto]

    this car is expensive to run — dieses Auto ist im Unterhalt sehr teuer

    6) (take for journey) fahren

    I'll run you into town — ich fahre od. bringe dich in die Stadt

    7) (pursue) jagen

    run somebody hard or close — jemandem auf den Fersen sein od. sitzen (ugs.)

    be run off one's feet — alle Hände voll zu tun haben (ugs.); (in business) Hochbetrieb haben (ugs.); see also academic.ru/23126/earth">earth 1. 4)

    8) (complete) laufen [Rennen, Marathon, Strecke]

    run messages/errands — Botengänge machen

    9)

    run a fever/a temperature — Fieber/erhöhte Temperatur haben

    10) (publish) bringen (ugs.) [Bericht, Artikel usw.]
    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    1. present participle - running; verb
    1) ((of a person or animal) to move quickly, faster than walking: He ran down the road.) rennen
    2) (to move smoothly: Trains run on rails.) fahren
    3) ((of water etc) to flow: Rivers run to the sea; The tap is running.) laufen
    4) ((of a machine etc) to work or operate: The engine is running; He ran the motor to see if it was working.) laufen(lassen)
    5) (to organize or manage: He runs the business very efficiently.) leiten
    6) (to race: Is your horse running this afternoon?) laufen
    7) ((of buses, trains etc) to travel regularly: The buses run every half hour; The train is running late.) verkehren
    8) (to last or continue; to go on: The play ran for six weeks.) laufen
    9) (to own and use, especially of cars: He runs a Rolls Royce.) sich halten
    10) ((of colour) to spread: When I washed my new dress the colour ran.) zerlaufen
    11) (to drive (someone); to give( someone) a lift: He ran me to the station.) fahren
    12) (to move (something): She ran her fingers through his hair; He ran his eyes over the letter.) gleiten lassen
    13) ((in certain phrases) to be or become: The river ran dry; My blood ran cold (= I was afraid).) werden
    2. noun
    1) (the act of running: He went for a run before breakfast.) das Laufen
    2) (a trip or drive: We went for a run in the country.) der Abstecher
    3) (a length of time (for which something continues): He's had a run of bad luck.) die Strähne
    4) (a ladder (in a stocking etc): I've got a run in my tights.) die Laufmasche
    5) (the free use (of a place): He gave me the run of his house.) freie Benutzung
    6) (in cricket, a batsman's act of running from one end of the wicket to the other, representing a single score: He scored/made 50 runs for his team.) der Lauf
    7) (an enclosure or pen: a chicken-run.) der Auslauf
    •
    - runner
    - running 3. adverb
    (one after another; continuously: We travelled for four days running.) aufeinanderfolgend
    - runny
    - runaway
    - rundown
    - runner-up
    - runway
    - in
    - out of the running
    - on the run
    - run across
    - run after
    - run aground
    - run along
    - run away
    - run down
    - run for
    - run for it
    - run in
    - run into
    - run its course
    - run off
    - run out
    - run over
    - run a temperature
    - run through
    - run to
    - run up
    - run wild
    * * *
    [rʌn]
    I. NOUN
    1. (jog) Lauf m
    the burglar made a \run for the door [or for it] der Einbrecher nahm Reißaus fam
    to let the dog out for [or let the dog have] a \run den Hund hinauslassen [o ÖSTERR fam äußerln führen]
    to break into a \run zu laufen beginnen
    to go for [or do] a \run laufen gehen
    I go for [or do] a 5 mile \run before breakfast ich laufe vor dem Frühstück 5 Meilen
    to set off/come in at a \run weg-/hereinlaufen
    he took the ditch at a \run er nahm Anlauf und sprang über den Graben; ( fig)
    with his main rival out injured, he has a clear \run at the title da sein Hauptrivale verletzt ist, hat er keine Konkurrenten beim Kampf um den Titel
    2. (journey) Strecke f
    the \run down to the coast only takes half an hour man braucht nur eine halbe Stunde zur Küste
    on the London—Glasgow \run auf der Strecke London—Glasgow
    to go for a \run in the car ( dated) eine Spritztour machen fam
    bombing \run Bombardierungsstrecke f
    3. (period) Dauer f
    \run of bad/good luck Pech-/Glückssträhne f
    a long \run of bad weather eine lange Schlechtwetterperiode
    4. (trend) Verlauf m
    in the normal \run of things normalerweise
    5. THEAT Laufzeit f
    after a short \run on Broadway nach kurzer Laufzeit am Broadway
    dry [or dummy] [or practice] \run Generalprobe f
    6. (production) Auflage f
    the company is planning a first \run of 10,000 red teddy bears die Firma plant eine Anfangsproduktion von 10.000 roten Teddybären
    7. ECON (as test) of a machine Durchlauf m, Maschinenlauf m
    a cheque \run Ausstellung f von Schecks durch Computer
    a computer \run Arbeitsgang m [o Durchlauf m] eines Computers
    test \run Probelauf m
    8. usu sing (demand) Run m, Ansturm m
    a sudden \run on the dollar has lowered its value die plötzliche Nachfrage nach dem Dollar ließ den Kurs sinken
    a \run on a bank ein Ansturm m auf eine Bank
    a \run on the pound Panikverkäufe pl des Pfundes
    9. (type) Art f
    their food is not the usual \run of hotel cooking ihr Essen hebt sich von der üblichen Hotelküche ab
    10. (enclosed area) Gehege nt
    chicken \run Hühnerhof m
    11. SPORT (point) Treffer m; (sailing) Vorwindkurs m; (in cricket, baseball) Run m
    to score 4 \runs vier Treffer erzielen
    to score a home \run einen Homerun erzielen
    12. esp AM (ladder) Laufmasche f
    13. ( fam: diarrhoea)
    to have the \runs Dünnpfiff haben sl
    14.
    ▶ to give sb a \run for their money jdn etw für sein Geld tun lassen
    ▶ to have the \run of sth etw zur Verfügung haben
    while she's away, I have the \run of the house während sie weg ist, hat sie mir das Haus überlassen
    ▶ to have a [good] \run for one's money etw für sein Geld bekommen
    ▶ in the long \run langfristig, auf lange Sicht gesehen
    ▶ in the short \run kurzfristig
    ▶ on the \run (escaped) auf der Flucht; (extremely busy) auf Trab fam
    when I am rushed in the mornings, I eat breakfast on the \run wenn ich morgens in Eile bin, dann esse ich mein Frühstück auf dem Weg
    <ran, run>
    1. (move fast) laufen, rennen
    he ran up/down the hill er rannte den Hügel hinauf/hinunter
    he ran along/down the street er rannte die Straße entlang/hinunter
    he ran into/out of the house er rannte in das Haus/aus dem Haus
    people came \running at the sound of shots Menschen kamen gelaufen, als sie Schüsse hörten
    to \run for the bus dem Bus nachlaufen
    to \run for cover schnell in Deckung gehen
    to \run for it sich akk aus dem Staub machen
    to \run for one's life um sein Leben rennen
    to \run for help um Hilfe laufen
    to \run for the police die Polizei benachrichtigen
    to \run on the spot auf der Stelle laufen
    to go \running laufen gehen
    ▪ to \run at sb jdn angreifen
    2. (operate) fahren, verkehren; engine laufen; machine in Betrieb sein
    are there a lot of trains \running between London and York? verkehren viele Züge zwischen London und York?
    they had the new computer system up and \running within an hour sie hatten das neue Computerprogramm innerhalb einer Stunde installiert und am Laufen; ( fig)
    work is \running smoothly at the moment die Arbeit geht im Moment glatt von der Hand
    to keep the economy \running die Wirtschaft am Laufen halten
    3. (travel) laufen; (go) verlaufen; ski gleiten
    the route \runs through the mountains die Strecke führt durch die Berge
    a shiver ran down my back mir lief ein Schauder über den Rücken geh
    to \run off the road von der Straße abkommen
    to \run onto the rocks [or aground] [or ashore] auflaufen, auf Grund laufen
    4. (grow) plants sich akk schlingen
    the vine \runs up the wall and along the fence die Weinreben schlingen sich die Wand hinauf und den Zaun entlang
    5. (extend)
    there's a beautiful cornice \running around all the ceilings ein wunderschönes Gesims verläuft um alle Decken
    6. (last) [an]dauern
    the film \runs for two hours der Film dauert zwei Stunden, der Film geht zwei Stunden fam
    how much longer does this course \run? wie lange dauert dieser Kurs noch?
    a magazine subscription usually only \runs for one year ein Zeitschriftenabonnement läuft normalerweise nur ein Jahr
    I've had that tune \running in my head all day diese Melodie geht mir schon den ganzen Tag im Kopf herum
    this show will \run and \run diese Show wird ewig laufen
    7. (be)
    inflation is \running at 10% die Inflationsrate beträgt 10 %; (amount to)
    ▪ to \run into [or to] sth sich akk auf etw akk belaufen, gehen
    he has an income \running into six figures er hat ein Einkommen, das sich auf sechsstellige Zahlen beläuft
    8. (flow) fließen
    I could feel trickles of sweat \running down my neck ich fühlte, wie mir die Schweißtropfen den Hals herunterliefen
    their bodies were \running with sweat ihre Körper waren schweißüberströmt
    when the sand has \run through the egg timer, it'll be five minutes wenn der Sand durch die Eieruhr gelaufen ist, dann sind fünf Minuten vorbei
    the river \runs [down] to the sea der Fluss mündet in das Meer
    there was a strong tide/heavy sea \running die Flut/die See war hoch
    don't cry, or your make-up will \run weine nicht, sonst verwischt sich dein Make-up
    the colour of the dress has \run das Kleid hat abgefärbt
    my nose is \running meine Nase läuft
    if the paint is wet, the colours will \run into each other wenn die Farbe nass ist, fließen die Farben ineinander
    9. POL (enter an election) kandidieren
    to \run for President für das Präsidentenamt kandidieren, sich akk für das Amt des Präsidenten bewerben
    ▪ to \run against sb gegen jdn kandidieren
    oh no, my tights have \run oh nein, ich habe eine Laufmasche im Strumpf
    11. (proceed) verlaufen
    can you give me an idea of how the discussion ran? kannst du mir den Verlauf der Diskussion schildern?
    12. NAUT fahren
    to \run before the wind vor dem Wind segeln
    13. (to be in force) price, value of commodity gelten, gültig sein
    14.
    ▶ to \run amok Amok laufen
    ▶ to \run with blood blutüberströmt sein
    the streets were \running with blood in den Straßen floss überall Blut
    ▶ to \run round [or AM around] in circles sich akk im Kreise drehen
    ▶ to \run deep:
    differences between the two sides \run deep die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Seiten sind sehr groß
    ▶ to \run dry river austrocknen
    ▶ to \run in the family in der Familie liegen
    ▶ feelings are \running high die Gefühle gehen hoch
    ▶ to \run low supplies [langsam] ausgehen
    ▶ to make sb's blood \run cold jds Blut in den Adern gefrieren lassen
    ▶ to \run short knapp werden
    to \run short of sth etw nicht mehr haben
    we're beginning to \run short of money uns geht langsam das Geld aus
    ▶ to \run wild animals frei herumlaufen; plants wuchern; children alles machen dürfen; ( pej)
    she lets her kids \run wild [or \run riot] sie setzt ihren Kindern keinerlei Grenzen
    to let one's imagination \run wild seiner Fantasie freien Lauf lassen
    <ran, run>
    to \run a dead heat/a mile/a race ein totes Rennen/eine Meile/ein Rennen laufen
    2. (enter in race)
    to \run a candidate einen Kandidaten aufstellen
    to \run a horse ein Pferd laufen lassen
    he ran his car into a tree last night er fuhr letzte Nacht mit seinem Auto gegen einen Baum
    to \run sb home jdn nach Hause fahren
    to \run sb to the station jdn zum Bahnhof bringen
    4. (pass)
    she ran her eyes/finger down the list sie ließ die Augen/den Finger über die Liste gleiten
    \run this rope round the tree wickle dieses Seil um den Baum
    he ran a vacuum cleaner over the carpet er saugte den Teppich ab
    to \run one's fingers through one's hair sich dat mit den Fingern durchs Haar fahren
    ▪ to \run sth machine etw bedienen
    to \run a computer program ein Computerprogramm laufen lassen
    to \run the engine den Motor laufen lassen
    to \run additional trains zusätzliche Züge einsetzen
    to \run the dishwasher/washing machine die Spülmaschine/Waschmaschine laufen lassen
    ▪ to \run sth business etw leiten; farm etw betreiben
    how did he end up \running the city? wie wurde er Bürgermeister der Stadt?
    don't tell me how to \run my life! erklär mir nicht, wie ich mein Leben leben soll!
    some people \run their lives according to the movements of the stars manche Leute richten ihr Leben nach dem Verlauf der Sterne aus
    to \run a company ein Unternehmen leiten
    to \run a government/household eine Regierung/einen Haushalt führen
    to \run a store ein Geschäft haben
    7. (conduct)
    to \run a course einen Kurs anbieten
    to \run an experiment/a test ein Experiment/einen Test durchführen
    ▪ to \run sth water etw laufen lassen
    he ran a little cold water into the bath er ließ etwas kaltes Wasser in die Badewanne laufen
    to \run [sb] a bath [or to \run a bath [for sb]] [jdm] ein Bad einlaufen lassen
    9. (in newspaper)
    to \run a story about sth über etw akk berichten
    to \run an article/a series einen Artikel/eine Serie bringen fam
    10. (smuggle)
    ▪ to \run sth etw schmuggeln
    to \run sth across the border etw über die Grenze schmuggeln
    11. (not heed)
    to \run a blockade eine Blockade durchbrechen
    to \run a red light eine rote Ampel überfahren
    12. (incur)
    to \run a risk ein Risiko eingehen
    you \run the risk when gambling of losing your entire stake wenn du spielst, riskierst du, deinen gesamten Einsatz zu verlieren
    13. (perform small tasks)
    to \run errands [for sb] [für jdn] Botengänge machen
    14.
    ▶ to \run sb/sth close nur knapp von jdm/etw geschlagen werden
    ▶ to let sth \run its course etw seinen Lauf nehmen lassen
    ▶ to \run sb to earth [or ground] jdn aufspüren
    ▶ to \run one's eye over sth etw überfliegen
    ▶ to be \run off one's feet alle Hände voll zu tun haben fam
    ▶ to \run a fever [or temperature] Fieber haben
    ▶ to \run oneself into the ground sich akk völlig verausgaben
    ▶ to \run a mile BRIT sich akk aus dem Staub machen fam
    ▶ to \run sb ragged jdn schaffen fam
    ▶ to \run the show verantwortlich sein
    * * *
    run [rʌn]
    A s
    1. a) Lauf m (auch fig):
    in the long run auf die Dauer, auf lange Sicht, langfristig;
    in the short run auf kurze Sicht, kurzfristig;
    go for ( oder take) a run einen Lauf machen;
    make a run for it sich aus dem Staub machen fig;
    make a run for the door zur Tür rennen
    b) SPORT Lauf m, Durchgang m (eines Slaloms etc)
    2. Laufen n, Rennen n:
    a) (immer) auf Trab sein umg,
    b) auf der Flucht sein ( from the police vor der Polizei);
    keep sb on the run jemanden in Trab halten umg;
    shoot on the run (Fußball) aus vollem Lauf schießen;
    give sb a (good) run for their money es jemandem nicht leicht machen;
    this car gives you a (good) run for your money dieser Wagen ist sein Geld wert;
    he’s had a (good) run for his money er ist auf seine Kosten gekommen, er kann sich nicht beklagen
    3. Laufschritt m:
    at a run im Laufschritt;
    go off at a run davonlaufen
    4. Anlauf m:
    take a run (einen) Anlauf nehmen
    5. SCHIFF, AUTO Fahrt f
    6. oft short run Spazierfahrt f:
    go for a run in the car eine Spazierfahrt machen
    7. Abstecher m, Ausflug m ( beide:
    to nach)
    8. Reiten: schneller Galopp
    9. JAGD Hatz f
    10. besonders WIRTSCH Ansturm m, Run m ( beide:
    on auf eine Bank, Eintrittskarten etc), stürmische Nachfrage (on nach einer Ware)
    11. (Laich)Wanderung f (der Fische)
    12. MUS Lauf m
    13. US (kleiner) Wasserlauf
    14. US Laufmasche f
    15. (Ver)Lauf m, Fortgang m:
    run of the play SPORT Spielverlauf;
    be against the run of the play SPORT den Spielverlauf auf den Kopf stellen
    16. Verlauf m:
    17. a) Tendenz f
    b) Mode f
    18. ( auch SPORT Erfolgs-, Treffer)Serie f, Folge f, Reihe f:
    a run of bad (good) luck eine Pechsträhne (eine Glückssträhne, ein Lauf);
    a run of good weather eine Schönwetterperiode;
    a run of wins eine Siegesserie
    19. Kartenspiel: Sequenz f
    20. Auflage f (einer Zeitung etc)
    21. TECH Herstellungsmaße pl, -größe f, (Rohr- etc) Länge f, (Betriebs) Leistung f, Ausstoß m:
    a) Fördererz n,
    b) Rohkohle f
    22. Bergbau: Ader f
    23. TECH
    a) Durchlauf m (eines Beschickungsguts)
    b) Charge f, (Beschickungs)Menge f
    24. TECH
    a) Arbeitsperiode f, Gang m
    b) IT (Durch)Lauf m
    c) Bedienung f (einer Maschine etc)
    25. THEAT, FILM Lauf-, Spielzeit f:
    the play had a run of 44 nights das Stück wurde 44-mal hintereinander gegeben;
    the film had a run of six months ( oder a six-month run) der Film lief ein halbes Jahr
    26. (auch Amts) Dauer f, (-)Zeit f:
    run of validity Gültigkeitsdauer
    27. a) Strecke f
    b) FLUG Rollstrecke f
    c) SCHIFF Etmal n (vom Schiff in 24 Stunden zurückgelegte Strecke)
    28. give sb the run of sth jemandem etwas zur Verfügung stellen;
    have the run of sth etwas zur freien Verfügung haben;
    he has given me ( oder I have) the run of his library ich kann jederzeit seine Bibliothek benutzen
    29. besonders Br
    a) Weide f, Trift f
    b) Auslauf m, (Hühner) Hof m
    30. a) JAGD Wechsel m, (Wild)Bahn f
    b) Maulwurfsgang m, Kaninchenröhre f
    31. SPORT
    a) (Bob-, Rodel) Bahn f
    b) (Ski) Hang m
    32. TECH
    a) Bahn f
    b) Laufschiene f, -planke f
    33. TECH Rinne f, Kanal m
    34. TECH Mühl-, Mahlgang m
    35. Art f, Sorte f ( auch WIRTSCH)
    36. meist common ( oder general) run Durchschnitt m, (die) breite Masse:
    the common run of mankind der Durchschnittsmensch
    37. a) Herde f
    b) Schwarm m (Fische)
    38. SCHIFF (Achter-, Vor) Piek f
    39. Länge f, Ausdehnung f
    40. the runs pl auch als sg konstruiert) umg Dünnpfiff m (Durchfall)
    B adj
    1. geschmolzen
    2. gegossen, geformt:
    run with lead mit Blei ausgegossen
    C v/i prät ran [ræn], pperf run
    1. laufen, rennen, eilen, stürzen:
    run round one’s backhand (Tennis etc) seine Rückhand umlaufen
    2. davonlaufen ( from vor dat), Reißaus nehmen umg
    3. SPORT
    a) (um die Wette) laufen
    b) (an einem Lauf oder Rennen) teilnehmen
    c) als Zweiter etc einkommen:
    he ran second er wurde oder war Zweiter
    a) POL kandidieren (für)
    b) umg sich bemühen (um):
    run for election kandidieren, sich zur Wahl stellen
    5. fig laufen (Blick, Feuer, Finger, Schauer etc):
    his eyes ran over it sein Blick überflog es;
    run back over the past Rückschau halten;
    this tune (idea) keeps running through my head diese Melodie (Idee) geht mir nicht aus dem Kopf
    6. fahren:
    run before the wind vor dem Winde segeln; → ashore
    7. gleiten (Schlitten etc), ziehen, wandern (Wolken etc):
    let the skis run die Skier laufen lassen
    8. zu den Laichplätzen ziehen oder wandern (Fische)
    9. BAHN etc verkehren, (auf einer Strecke) fahren, gehen
    10. fließen, strömen (beide auch fig), rinnen:
    it runs in the family fig das liegt bei ihnen etc in der Familie; → blood A 1, A 4
    11. lauten (Schriftstück):
    12. gehen (Melodie)
    13. vergehen, -streichen (Zeit etc)
    14. dauern:
    15. laufen (Theaterstück etc), gegeben werden
    16. verlaufen (Straße etc, auch Vorgang), sich erstrecken, gehen, führen (Weg etc):
    my talent (taste) does not run that way dafür habe ich keine Begabung (keinen Sinn)
    17. TECH laufen:
    a) gleiten:
    b) in Betrieb oder Gang sein, arbeiten (Maschine, Motor etc), gehen (Uhr, Mechanismus etc), funktionieren:
    run hot (sich) heiß laufen;
    with the engine running mit laufendem Motor
    18. in Betrieb sein (Hotel, Fabrik etc)
    19. zer-, auslaufen (Farbe)
    20. triefen oder tropfen ( with vor Nässe etc), fließen, laufen (Nase), tränen (Augen):
    run with tears in Tränen schwimmen
    21. auslaufen (Gefäß)
    22. schmelzen (Metall etc):
    running ice tauendes Eis
    23. MED laufen, eitern
    a) wachsen, wuchern,
    b) klettern, ranken
    25. fluten, wogen:
    a heavy sea was running SCHIFF es lief eine schwere See
    26. besonders US laufen, fallen (Maschen), Laufmaschen bekommen (Strumpf etc), aufgehen (Naht)
    27. WIRTSCH
    a) laufen
    b) fällig werden (Wechsel etc)
    28. JUR gelten, in Kraft sein oder bleiben, laufen:
    the lease runs for 7 years der Pachtvertrag läuft auf 7 Jahre
    29. JUR verbunden oder gekoppelt sein ( with mit)
    30. (mit adj und s) werden, sein:
    a) versiegen (Quelle),
    b) austrocknen,
    c) keine Milch mehr geben (Kuh),
    d) fig erschöpft sein,
    e) fig sich ausgeschrieben haben (Autor); → high B 1, low1 A 5, riot A 4, short A 5, A 8, wild B
    31. WIRTSCH stehen auf (dat) (Preis, Ware)
    32. klein etc ausfallen:
    D v/t
    1. einen Weg etc laufen, einschlagen, eine Strecke etc durchlaufen (auch fig), zurücklegen:
    run its course fig seinen Verlauf nehmen;
    things must run their course man muss den Dingen ihren Lauf lassen
    2. fahren ( auch SCHIFF), eine Strecke be-, durchfahren:
    run 22 knots SCHIFF mit 22 Knoten fahren
    3. ein Rennen austragen, laufen, einen Wettlauf machen:
    run races Wettrennen veranstalten
    4. um die Wette laufen mit, laufen gegen
    5. fig sich messen mit:
    run sb close dicht herankommen an jemanden (a. fig)
    a) treiben, hetzen
    b) laufen lassen, (für ein Rennen auch) melden
    7. POL jemanden als Kandidaten aufstellen ( for für)
    8. JAGD jagen, eine Spur verfolgen (auch fig):
    a) einen Fuchs im Bau aufstöbern, bis in seinen Bau verfolgen,
    b) fig jemanden, etwas aufstöbern, ausfindig machen
    9. Botengänge, Besorgungen machen, Botschaften überbringen
    10. entfliehen (dat):
    run the country außer Landes flüchten
    11. passieren:
    run the guard ungesehen durch die Wache kommen; → blockade A 1
    12. Vieh
    a) treiben
    b) weiden lassen
    13. SCHIFF, BAHN etc fahren oder verkehren lassen, einen Sonderzug etc einsetzen
    14. befördern, transportieren
    15. Alkohol etc schmuggeln
    16. seine Finger etc laufen oder gleiten lassen ( over über akk):
    run one’s comb through one’s hair (sich) mit dem Kamm durchs Haar fahren
    17. TECH laufen oder rollen oder gleiten lassen
    18. einen Film laufen lassen
    19. eine Artikelserie etc veröffentlichen, bringen
    20. TECH eine Maschine etc laufen lassen, bedienen
    21. einen Betrieb etc verwalten, führen, leiten, ein Geschäft, eine Fabrik etc betreiben:
    run the household den Haushalt führen oder schmeißen; → show A 15
    22. hineingeraten (lassen) in (akk):
    run debts Schulden machen;
    run the danger of (ger) Gefahr laufen zu (inf); → risk A 1
    23. geben, fließen lassen, Wasser etc führen (Leitung):
    this faucet runs hot water aus diesem Hahn kommt heißes Wasser
    24. Gold etc (mit sich) führen (Fluss)
    25. Fieber, Temperatur haben
    26. a) Metall schmelzen
    b) verschmelzen
    c) Blei etc gießen
    27. stoßen, stechen ( beide:
    through durch): → run into B 1
    28. eine Linie, einen Graben etc ziehen, eine Straße etc anlegen, eine Brücke schlagen
    29. Bergbau: eine Strecke treiben
    30. ELEK eine Leitung verlegen, führen
    31. ein Bad, das Badewasser einlaufen lassen
    32. schieben, führen ( beide:
    through durch): → run into B 2
    33. (bei Spielen) eine bestimmte Punktzahl etc hintereinander erzielen:
    run fifteen auf fünfzehn (Punkte etc) kommen
    34. eine Schleuse öffnen:
    run dry leerlaufen lassen
    35. eine Naht etc mit Vorderstich nähen, heften
    36. jemanden belangen ( for wegen)
    * * *
    1. noun
    1) Lauf, der

    make a late run — (Sport or fig.) zum Endspurt ansetzen

    come towards somebody/start off at a run — jemandem entgegenlaufen/losrennen

    2) (trip in vehicle) Fahrt, die; (for pleasure) Ausflug, der

    go for a run [in the car] — einen [Auto]ausflug machen

    3)

    she has had a long run of success — sie war lange [Zeit] erfolgreich

    have a long run — [Stück, Show:] viele Aufführungen erleben

    4) (succession) Serie, die; (Cards) Sequenz, die
    5) (tendency) Ablauf, der

    the general run of things/events — der Lauf der Dinge/der Gang der Ereignisse

    6) (regular route) Strecke, die
    7) (Cricket, Baseball) Lauf, der; Run, der

    production run — Ausstoß, der (Wirtsch.)

    9) (demand) Run, der (on auf + Akk.)
    10)

    the runs — (coll.): (diarrhoea) Durchmarsch, der (salopp)

    12) (animal enclosure) Auslauf, der
    2. intransitive verb,
    -nn-, ran, run
    1) laufen; (fast also) rennen

    run for the bus — laufen od. rennen, um den Bus zu kriegen (ugs.)

    2) (compete) laufen
    3) (hurry) laufen

    don't run to me when things go wrong — komm mir nicht angelaufen, wenn etwas schiefgeht (ugs.)

    4) (roll) laufen; [Ball, Kugel:] rollen, laufen
    5) (slide) laufen; [Schlitten, [Schiebe]tür:] gleiten
    6) (revolve) [Rad, Maschine:] laufen
    7) (flee) davonlaufen

    run between two places — [Zug, Bus:] zwischen zwei Orten verkehren

    run through one's head or mind — [Gedanken, Ideen:] einem durch den Kopf gehen

    10) (flow) laufen; [Fluss:] fließen

    run dry — [Fluss:] austrocknen; [Quelle:] versiegen

    run low or short — knapp werden; ausgehen

    11) (be current) [Vertrag, Theaterstück:] laufen
    12) (be present)

    run in the family — [Eigenschaft, Begabung:] in der Familie liegen

    13) (function) laufen

    keep/leave the engine running — den Motor laufen lassen/nicht abstellen

    the machine runs on batteries/oil — etc. die Maschine läuft mit Batterien/Öl usw.

    14) (have a course) [Straße, Bahnlinie:] verlaufen
    15) (have wording) lauten; [Geschichte:] gehen (fig.)

    inflation is running at 15 % — die Inflationsrate beläuft sich auf od. beträgt 15 %

    17) (seek election) kandidieren

    a shiver ran down my spine — ein Schau[d]er (geh.) lief mir den Rücken hinunter

    19) (spread undesirably) [Butter, Eis:] zerlaufen; (in washing) [Farben:] auslaufen
    20) (ladder) [Strumpf:] Laufmaschen bekommen
    3. transitive verb,
    -nn-, ran, run
    1) (cause to move) laufen lassen; (drive) fahren

    run one's hand/fingers through/along or over something — mit der Hand/den Fingern durch etwas fahren/über etwas (Akk.) streichen

    run an or one's eye along or down or over something — (fig.) etwas überfliegen

    2) (cause to flow) [ein]laufen lassen
    3) (organize, manage) führen, leiten [Geschäft usw.]; durchführen [Experiment]; veranstalten [Wettbewerb]; führen [Leben]
    4) (operate) bedienen [Maschine]; verkehren lassen [Verkehrsmittel]; einsetzen [Sonderbus, -zug]; laufen lassen [Motor]; abspielen [Tonband]

    run forward/back — vorwärts-/zurückspulen [Film, Tonband]

    5) (own and use) sich (Dat.) halten [Auto]

    I'll run you into town — ich fahre od. bringe dich in die Stadt

    7) (pursue) jagen

    run somebody hard or close — jemandem auf den Fersen sein od. sitzen (ugs.)

    be run off one's feet — alle Hände voll zu tun haben (ugs.); (in business) Hochbetrieb haben (ugs.); see also earth 1. 4)

    8) (complete) laufen [Rennen, Marathon, Strecke]

    run messages/errands — Botengänge machen

    9)

    run a fever/a temperature — Fieber/erhöhte Temperatur haben

    10) (publish) bringen (ugs.) [Bericht, Artikel usw.]
    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    (of a ladder) n.
    Leitersprosse f. n.
    Fahrt -en f.
    Lauf -e m.
    Laufmasche f. v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: ran, run)
    = laufen v.
    (§ p.,pp.: lief, ist gelaufen)
    rennen v.
    (§ p.,pp.: rannte, ist gerannt)

    English-german dictionary > run

  • 6 FDGB

    m; -, kein Pl.; Abk. HIST., ehem. DDR ( Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund) Free German Federation of Trade Unions (East German Trade Union organization)
    * * *
    [ɛfdeːgeː'beː]
    m - (s) (DDR) abbr
    Free German Trades Union Congress
    * * *
    FDGB m; -, kein pl; abk hist DDR (Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund) Free German Federation of Trade Unions (East German Trade Union organization)
    A. adj
    1. free;
    freier Bürger HIST freeborn citizen, freeman;
    ein freier Mensch (der tun kann, was er will) a free agent;
    sie ist frei zu gehen, wenn sie will she is free to go if she wishes;
    ich bin so frei obs oder hum sich bedienend etc: if I may;
    ich war so frei, Ihr Auto zu nehmen oder
    und nahm Ihr Auto I took the liberty of using your car, I helped myself to your car
    2. Wahl, Wille etc: free; Zugang: unrestricted, unlimited; (unbehindert) unrestrained;
    „frei ab 16“ FILM 16 (= no admission to persons under 16 years), US etwa R(-rated);
    jetzt haben wir freie Fahrt mit Zug: the signal’s green now, the train can go now; mit Auto: the road’s clear now; fig there’s nothing to stop us now;
    auf freiem Fuß sein be free; Verbrecher: be at large;
    jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen set sb free, let sb go;
    das Recht auf freie Meinungsäußerung the right of free speech ( oder of self-expression);
    freiem Willen of one’s own free will;
    die freie Wahl haben zwischen … und … be free to choose between … and …
    3. (unabhängig, selbstständig) Stadt etc: free; Beruf, Tankstelle etc: independent; (nicht gebunden) unattached; Journalist, Künstler etc: freelance;
    die freien Künste the liberal arts;
    freier Mitarbeiter freelance(r); → Freie2
    4. im Namen von Organisationen etc:
    Freie Demokratische Partei (abk FDP) Free Democratic Party;
    Freie Deutsche Jugend (abk FDJ) hist DDR Free German Youth;
    Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (abk FDGB) hist DDR Free German Trade Union Organization;
    die Freie Hansestadt Bremen the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen;
    die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg
    5. WIRTSCH:
    im freien Handel available in the shops (US in stores);
    freier Markt open market; BÖRSE unofficial market;
    freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy;
    freier Wechselkurs floating exchange rate;
    (die) freie Wirtschaft free enterprise;
    die Rechte an diesem Buchtitel werden bald frei the rights in this title will soon be free ( oder available)
    6. (unbesetzt) Stuhl, Raum etc: free, available; Leitung: vacant; Stelle: vacant, open; Straße etc: clear, empty; (unbeschrieben) Seite etc: blank;
    frei am WC: vacant; am Taxi: for hire;
    freie Stelle vacancy;
    der Platz noch frei? is this seat taken?, is anyone sitting here?;
    der Stuhl/die Zeile muss frei bleiben the chair must be kept free/the line must be left blank;
    Platz frei lassen/machen für leave/make space for;
    jemandem den Weg frei machen clear the way for sb;
    zwei Zeilen frei lassen leave two blank lines; → Bahn, Ring, Zimmer
    7. (unbedeckt) bare;
    der Rock lässt die Knie frei the skirt is above the knee;
    den Oberkörper frei machen strip to the waist; → auch freilassen
    8. Feld, Himmel, Sicht: open;
    aufs freie Meer hinaus out into the open sea;
    auf freier Strecke on an open stretch (BAHN of line, Straße: of road);
    in freier Wildbahn in the wild;
    unter freiem Himmel in the open (air), outside
    9. Tag, Zeit etc: free; nachgestellt: off; Person: free, not busy;
    freie Zeit free ( oder leisure) time;
    nächsten Dienstag ist frei next Tuesday is a holiday;
    hast du morgen frei? do you have tomorrow off?;
    seitdem habe ich keine freie Minute mehr since then I haven’t had a free moment ( oder a moment to myself);
    sind Sie (gerade) frei? Taxi: are you taken?; Verkäufer: are you serving someone?
    10. (kostenlos) free (of charge);
    freier Eintritt admission free (
    für to);
    Kinder unter sechs sind frei umg von Eintritt, Fahrgeld: children under six are free, no charge for children under six;
    20 kg Gepäck sind frei there is a baggage (besonders US luggage) allowance of 20kg;
    frei Haus carriage paid;
    Lieferung frei Haus free delivery, no delivery charge;
    dazu bekommt sie auch noch einen Job frei Haus fig what’s more she gets a job handed to her on a plate;
    du hast noch zwei Versuche frei fig you have two tries left
    11.
    frei von (ohne) free from ( oder of), without; von Eis, Schneeschicht etc: clear of; von Steuern etc befreit: exempt from;
    frei von Schmerzen free from pain;
    frei von Schulden free from debt;
    frei von Zusätzen free of additives;
    niemand ist frei von Fehlern/Vorurteilen nobody is perfect/free from prejudice
    12.
    sich frei machen von free o.s. of; (herauskommen aus) get out of; (loswerden) get rid of
    13. fig (ungezwungen) free and easy; (offen) open; (moralisch großzügig) liberal;
    freie Liebe free love;
    sie ist schon viel freier geworden she has loosened up a great deal
    14. fig Übersetzung: free;
    freie Hand haben have a free hand (
    bei with);
    jemandem freie Hand lassen give sb a free hand (
    bei with);
    mit der freien Hand zeichnen (ohne Hilfsmittel) draw sth freehand
    15. Sport (ungedeckt) unmarked;
    zum nächsten freien Mitspieler passen pass to the nearest unmarked player;
    der freie Mann (vor der Abwehr) the sweeper
    16. Postwesen: (frankiert) prepaid, post paid
    17. PHYS; Elektron, Fall, Radikal etc: free; CHEM uncombined;
    im freien Fall in free fall;
    frei werden Energie etc: be released;
    freie Valenzen CHEM free valencies
    B. adv
    1. atmen, herumlaufen etc: freely;
    frei geboren freeborn;
    frei laufende Hühner free-range hens;
    frei lebende Tiere wildlife sg, animals living in the wild ( oder out of captivity);
    frei praktizierender Arzt doctor in private practice;
    frei halten (einen Platz) keep, save; (Straße, Einfahrt) keep clear; (Angebot, Stelle etc) keep open;
    „Eingang frei halten!“ keep clear;
    frei halten von keep free of; (Eingang, Straße etc) keep clear of;
    frei halten keep sb free ( oder protect sb) from colds etc, keep colds etc away from sb;
    sich frei halten keep o.s. free (
    für for);
    sich frei halten von ward off, avoid
    2. herumliegen etc: openly;
    frei zugänglich von allen Seiten: freely accessible; für alle: open to all;
    frei stehen Baum, Haus etc: stand by itself; (leer stehen) be unoccupied, be empty; SPORT, Spieler: be unmarked;
    frei stehend Baum: solitary; Haus, nicht angebaut: detached; einzeln: isolated; SPORT, Spieler: unmarked
    3. WIRTSCH:
    frei erhältlich freely available;
    frei finanziert privately financed;
    frei konvertierbar freely convertible;
    frei verkäuflich on general sale, freely available (to buy)
    4. TECH:
    frei beweglich freely moving, mobile;
    schwebend unsupported
    5.
    frei (und offen) openly, frankly, freely; → frank, freiheraus
    6.
    frei sprechen Redner: speak without notes; mit Handy im Auto: phone ( oder talk) hands-free, use the speaker phone;
    ich möchte den Vortrag frei halten I want to give the lecture without notes;
    einen Kreis frei zeichnen draw a circle freehand;
    das Kind kann schon frei laufen/stehen the child can walk/stand unaided
    7.
    frei erfunden (entirely) fictitious;
    das hat er frei erfunden he made that up;
    frei nach (einem Stück von) X freely adapted from (a play by) X
    8. (liberal) liberally;
    frei erzogen sein have had a liberal upbringing; → auch freibekommen, freigeben etc

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > FDGB

  • 7 FDJ

    f; -, kein Pl.; Abk. HIST., ehem. DDR ( Freie Deutsche Jugend) Free German Youth (East German youth organization)
    * * *
    [ɛfdeː'jɔt]
    f - (DDR) abbr
    Free German Youth
    * * *
    die; FDJ Abkürzung (ehem. DDR) = Freie Deutsche Jugend Free German Youth
    * * *
    FDJ f; -, kein pl; abk hist DDR (Freie Deutsche Jugend) Free German Youth (East German youth organization)
    A. adj
    1. free;
    freier Bürger HIST freeborn citizen, freeman;
    ein freier Mensch (der tun kann, was er will) a free agent;
    sie ist frei zu gehen, wenn sie will she is free to go if she wishes;
    ich bin so frei obs oder hum sich bedienend etc: if I may;
    ich war so frei, Ihr Auto zu nehmen oder
    und nahm Ihr Auto I took the liberty of using your car, I helped myself to your car
    2. Wahl, Wille etc: free; Zugang: unrestricted, unlimited; (unbehindert) unrestrained;
    „frei ab 16“ FILM 16 (= no admission to persons under 16 years), US etwa R(-rated);
    jetzt haben wir freie Fahrt mit Zug: the signal’s green now, the train can go now; mit Auto: the road’s clear now; fig there’s nothing to stop us now;
    auf freiem Fuß sein be free; Verbrecher: be at large;
    jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen set sb free, let sb go;
    das Recht auf freie Meinungsäußerung the right of free speech ( oder of self-expression);
    freiem Willen of one’s own free will;
    die freie Wahl haben zwischen … und … be free to choose between … and …
    3. (unabhängig, selbstständig) Stadt etc: free; Beruf, Tankstelle etc: independent; (nicht gebunden) unattached; Journalist, Künstler etc: freelance;
    die freien Künste the liberal arts;
    freier Mitarbeiter freelance(r); → Freie2
    4. im Namen von Organisationen etc:
    Freie Demokratische Partei (abk FDP) Free Democratic Party;
    Freie Deutsche Jugend (abk FDJ) hist DDR Free German Youth;
    Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (abk FDGB) hist DDR Free German Trade Union Organization;
    die Freie Hansestadt Bremen the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen;
    die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg
    5. WIRTSCH:
    im freien Handel available in the shops (US in stores);
    freier Markt open market; BÖRSE unofficial market;
    freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy;
    freier Wechselkurs floating exchange rate;
    (die) freie Wirtschaft free enterprise;
    die Rechte an diesem Buchtitel werden bald frei the rights in this title will soon be free ( oder available)
    6. (unbesetzt) Stuhl, Raum etc: free, available; Leitung: vacant; Stelle: vacant, open; Straße etc: clear, empty; (unbeschrieben) Seite etc: blank;
    frei am WC: vacant; am Taxi: for hire;
    freie Stelle vacancy;
    der Platz noch frei? is this seat taken?, is anyone sitting here?;
    der Stuhl/die Zeile muss frei bleiben the chair must be kept free/the line must be left blank;
    Platz frei lassen/machen für leave/make space for;
    jemandem den Weg frei machen clear the way for sb;
    zwei Zeilen frei lassen leave two blank lines; → Bahn, Ring, Zimmer
    7. (unbedeckt) bare;
    der Rock lässt die Knie frei the skirt is above the knee;
    den Oberkörper frei machen strip to the waist; → auch freilassen
    8. Feld, Himmel, Sicht: open;
    aufs freie Meer hinaus out into the open sea;
    auf freier Strecke on an open stretch (BAHN of line, Straße: of road);
    in freier Wildbahn in the wild;
    unter freiem Himmel in the open (air), outside
    9. Tag, Zeit etc: free; nachgestellt: off; Person: free, not busy;
    freie Zeit free ( oder leisure) time;
    nächsten Dienstag ist frei next Tuesday is a holiday;
    hast du morgen frei? do you have tomorrow off?;
    seitdem habe ich keine freie Minute mehr since then I haven’t had a free moment ( oder a moment to myself);
    sind Sie (gerade) frei? Taxi: are you taken?; Verkäufer: are you serving someone?
    10. (kostenlos) free (of charge);
    freier Eintritt admission free (
    für to);
    Kinder unter sechs sind frei umg von Eintritt, Fahrgeld: children under six are free, no charge for children under six;
    20 kg Gepäck sind frei there is a baggage (besonders US luggage) allowance of 20kg;
    frei Haus carriage paid;
    Lieferung frei Haus free delivery, no delivery charge;
    dazu bekommt sie auch noch einen Job frei Haus fig what’s more she gets a job handed to her on a plate;
    du hast noch zwei Versuche frei fig you have two tries left
    11.
    frei von (ohne) free from ( oder of), without; von Eis, Schneeschicht etc: clear of; von Steuern etc befreit: exempt from;
    frei von Schmerzen free from pain;
    frei von Schulden free from debt;
    frei von Zusätzen free of additives;
    niemand ist frei von Fehlern/Vorurteilen nobody is perfect/free from prejudice
    12.
    sich frei machen von free o.s. of; (herauskommen aus) get out of; (loswerden) get rid of
    13. fig (ungezwungen) free and easy; (offen) open; (moralisch großzügig) liberal;
    freie Liebe free love;
    sie ist schon viel freier geworden she has loosened up a great deal
    14. fig Übersetzung: free;
    freie Hand haben have a free hand (
    bei with);
    jemandem freie Hand lassen give sb a free hand (
    bei with);
    mit der freien Hand zeichnen (ohne Hilfsmittel) draw sth freehand
    15. Sport (ungedeckt) unmarked;
    zum nächsten freien Mitspieler passen pass to the nearest unmarked player;
    der freie Mann (vor der Abwehr) the sweeper
    16. Postwesen: (frankiert) prepaid, post paid
    17. PHYS; Elektron, Fall, Radikal etc: free; CHEM uncombined;
    im freien Fall in free fall;
    frei werden Energie etc: be released;
    freie Valenzen CHEM free valencies
    B. adv
    1. atmen, herumlaufen etc: freely;
    frei geboren freeborn;
    frei laufende Hühner free-range hens;
    frei lebende Tiere wildlife sg, animals living in the wild ( oder out of captivity);
    frei praktizierender Arzt doctor in private practice;
    frei halten (einen Platz) keep, save; (Straße, Einfahrt) keep clear; (Angebot, Stelle etc) keep open;
    „Eingang frei halten!“ keep clear;
    frei halten von keep free of; (Eingang, Straße etc) keep clear of;
    frei halten keep sb free ( oder protect sb) from colds etc, keep colds etc away from sb;
    sich frei halten keep o.s. free (
    für for);
    sich frei halten von ward off, avoid
    2. herumliegen etc: openly;
    frei zugänglich von allen Seiten: freely accessible; für alle: open to all;
    frei stehen Baum, Haus etc: stand by itself; (leer stehen) be unoccupied, be empty; SPORT, Spieler: be unmarked;
    frei stehend Baum: solitary; Haus, nicht angebaut: detached; einzeln: isolated; SPORT, Spieler: unmarked
    3. WIRTSCH:
    frei erhältlich freely available;
    frei finanziert privately financed;
    frei konvertierbar freely convertible;
    frei verkäuflich on general sale, freely available (to buy)
    4. TECH:
    frei beweglich freely moving, mobile;
    schwebend unsupported
    5.
    frei (und offen) openly, frankly, freely; → frank, freiheraus
    6.
    frei sprechen Redner: speak without notes; mit Handy im Auto: phone ( oder talk) hands-free, use the speaker phone;
    ich möchte den Vortrag frei halten I want to give the lecture without notes;
    einen Kreis frei zeichnen draw a circle freehand;
    das Kind kann schon frei laufen/stehen the child can walk/stand unaided
    7.
    frei erfunden (entirely) fictitious;
    das hat er frei erfunden he made that up;
    frei nach (einem Stück von) X freely adapted from (a play by) X
    8. (liberal) liberally;
    frei erzogen sein have had a liberal upbringing; → auch freibekommen, freigeben etc
    * * *
    die; FDJ Abkürzung (ehem. DDR) = Freie Deutsche Jugend Free German Youth

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > FDJ

  • 8 FDP

    [ɛfdeː'peː]
    f - abbr
    See:
    von Freie Demokratische Partei
    * * *
    <->
    [ɛfde:ˈpe:]
    * * *
    die; FDP Abkürzung = Freie Demokratische Partei
    •• Cultural note:
    The German Liberal party, which was founded in 1948. This relatively small party tends to gain only 5 to 10% of the vote at general elections, but it has held the balance of power in various coalition governments both with the SPD and the CDU/CSU. It supports a free-market economy and the freedom of the individual
    * * *
    FDP f; -, kein pl; abk (Freie Demokratische Partei) Free Democratic Party
    A. adj
    1. free;
    freier Bürger HIST freeborn citizen, freeman;
    ein freier Mensch (der tun kann, was er will) a free agent;
    sie ist frei zu gehen, wenn sie will she is free to go if she wishes;
    ich bin so frei obs oder hum sich bedienend etc: if I may;
    ich war so frei, Ihr Auto zu nehmen oder
    und nahm Ihr Auto I took the liberty of using your car, I helped myself to your car
    2. Wahl, Wille etc: free; Zugang: unrestricted, unlimited; (unbehindert) unrestrained;
    „frei ab 16“ FILM 16 (= no admission to persons under 16 years), US etwa R(-rated);
    jetzt haben wir freie Fahrt mit Zug: the signal’s green now, the train can go now; mit Auto: the road’s clear now; fig there’s nothing to stop us now;
    auf freiem Fuß sein be free; Verbrecher: be at large;
    jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen set sb free, let sb go;
    das Recht auf freie Meinungsäußerung the right of free speech ( oder of self-expression);
    freiem Willen of one’s own free will;
    die freie Wahl haben zwischen … und … be free to choose between … and …
    3. (unabhängig, selbstständig) Stadt etc: free; Beruf, Tankstelle etc: independent; (nicht gebunden) unattached; Journalist, Künstler etc: freelance;
    die freien Künste the liberal arts;
    freier Mitarbeiter freelance(r); → Freie2
    4. im Namen von Organisationen etc:
    Freie Demokratische Partei (abk FDP) Free Democratic Party;
    Freie Deutsche Jugend (abk FDJ) hist DDR Free German Youth;
    Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (abk FDGB) hist DDR Free German Trade Union Organization;
    die Freie Hansestadt Bremen the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen;
    die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg
    5. WIRTSCH:
    im freien Handel available in the shops (US in stores);
    freier Markt open market; BÖRSE unofficial market;
    freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy;
    freier Wechselkurs floating exchange rate;
    (die) freie Wirtschaft free enterprise;
    die Rechte an diesem Buchtitel werden bald frei the rights in this title will soon be free ( oder available)
    6. (unbesetzt) Stuhl, Raum etc: free, available; Leitung: vacant; Stelle: vacant, open; Straße etc: clear, empty; (unbeschrieben) Seite etc: blank;
    frei am WC: vacant; am Taxi: for hire;
    freie Stelle vacancy;
    der Platz noch frei? is this seat taken?, is anyone sitting here?;
    der Stuhl/die Zeile muss frei bleiben the chair must be kept free/the line must be left blank;
    Platz frei lassen/machen für leave/make space for;
    jemandem den Weg frei machen clear the way for sb;
    zwei Zeilen frei lassen leave two blank lines; → Bahn, Ring, Zimmer
    7. (unbedeckt) bare;
    der Rock lässt die Knie frei the skirt is above the knee;
    den Oberkörper frei machen strip to the waist; → auch freilassen
    8. Feld, Himmel, Sicht: open;
    aufs freie Meer hinaus out into the open sea;
    auf freier Strecke on an open stretch (BAHN of line, Straße: of road);
    in freier Wildbahn in the wild;
    unter freiem Himmel in the open (air), outside
    9. Tag, Zeit etc: free; nachgestellt: off; Person: free, not busy;
    freie Zeit free ( oder leisure) time;
    nächsten Dienstag ist frei next Tuesday is a holiday;
    hast du morgen frei? do you have tomorrow off?;
    seitdem habe ich keine freie Minute mehr since then I haven’t had a free moment ( oder a moment to myself);
    sind Sie (gerade) frei? Taxi: are you taken?; Verkäufer: are you serving someone?
    10. (kostenlos) free (of charge);
    freier Eintritt admission free (
    für to);
    Kinder unter sechs sind frei umg von Eintritt, Fahrgeld: children under six are free, no charge for children under six;
    20 kg Gepäck sind frei there is a baggage (besonders US luggage) allowance of 20kg;
    frei Haus carriage paid;
    Lieferung frei Haus free delivery, no delivery charge;
    dazu bekommt sie auch noch einen Job frei Haus fig what’s more she gets a job handed to her on a plate;
    du hast noch zwei Versuche frei fig you have two tries left
    11.
    frei von (ohne) free from ( oder of), without; von Eis, Schneeschicht etc: clear of; von Steuern etc befreit: exempt from;
    frei von Schmerzen free from pain;
    frei von Schulden free from debt;
    frei von Zusätzen free of additives;
    niemand ist frei von Fehlern/Vorurteilen nobody is perfect/free from prejudice
    12.
    sich frei machen von free o.s. of; (herauskommen aus) get out of; (loswerden) get rid of
    13. fig (ungezwungen) free and easy; (offen) open; (moralisch großzügig) liberal;
    freie Liebe free love;
    sie ist schon viel freier geworden she has loosened up a great deal
    14. fig Übersetzung: free;
    freie Hand haben have a free hand (
    bei with);
    jemandem freie Hand lassen give sb a free hand (
    bei with);
    mit der freien Hand zeichnen (ohne Hilfsmittel) draw sth freehand
    15. Sport (ungedeckt) unmarked;
    zum nächsten freien Mitspieler passen pass to the nearest unmarked player;
    der freie Mann (vor der Abwehr) the sweeper
    16. Postwesen: (frankiert) prepaid, post paid
    17. PHYS; Elektron, Fall, Radikal etc: free; CHEM uncombined;
    im freien Fall in free fall;
    frei werden Energie etc: be released;
    freie Valenzen CHEM free valencies
    B. adv
    1. atmen, herumlaufen etc: freely;
    frei geboren freeborn;
    frei laufende Hühner free-range hens;
    frei lebende Tiere wildlife sg, animals living in the wild ( oder out of captivity);
    frei praktizierender Arzt doctor in private practice;
    frei halten (einen Platz) keep, save; (Straße, Einfahrt) keep clear; (Angebot, Stelle etc) keep open;
    „Eingang frei halten!“ keep clear;
    frei halten von keep free of; (Eingang, Straße etc) keep clear of;
    frei halten keep sb free ( oder protect sb) from colds etc, keep colds etc away from sb;
    sich frei halten keep o.s. free (
    für for);
    sich frei halten von ward off, avoid
    2. herumliegen etc: openly;
    frei zugänglich von allen Seiten: freely accessible; für alle: open to all;
    frei stehen Baum, Haus etc: stand by itself; (leer stehen) be unoccupied, be empty; SPORT, Spieler: be unmarked;
    frei stehend Baum: solitary; Haus, nicht angebaut: detached; einzeln: isolated; SPORT, Spieler: unmarked
    3. WIRTSCH:
    frei erhältlich freely available;
    frei finanziert privately financed;
    frei konvertierbar freely convertible;
    frei verkäuflich on general sale, freely available (to buy)
    4. TECH:
    frei beweglich freely moving, mobile;
    schwebend unsupported
    5.
    frei (und offen) openly, frankly, freely; → frank, freiheraus
    6.
    frei sprechen Redner: speak without notes; mit Handy im Auto: phone ( oder talk) hands-free, use the speaker phone;
    ich möchte den Vortrag frei halten I want to give the lecture without notes;
    einen Kreis frei zeichnen draw a circle freehand;
    das Kind kann schon frei laufen/stehen the child can walk/stand unaided
    7.
    frei erfunden (entirely) fictitious;
    das hat er frei erfunden he made that up;
    frei nach (einem Stück von) X freely adapted from (a play by) X
    8. (liberal) liberally;
    frei erzogen sein have had a liberal upbringing; → auch freibekommen, freigeben etc
    * * *
    die; FDP Abkürzung = Freie Demokratische Partei
    •• Cultural note:
    The German Liberal party, which was founded in 1948. This relatively small party tends to gain only 5 to 10% of the vote at general elections, but it has held the balance of power in various coalition governments both with the SPD and the CDU/CSU. It supports a free-market economy and the freedom of the individual

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > FDP

  • 9 निर् _nir

    निर् ind. A substitute for निस् before vowels and soft consonants conveying the senses of 'out of', 'away from'. 'without', 'free from', and be frequently expressed by 'less', 'un', used with the noun; see the compounds given below; see निस् and cf. अ also.
    -Comp. -अंश a.
    1 whole, entire.
    -2 not entitled to any share of the ancestral property.
    -अक्षः the place of no latitute; i. e. the terrestrial equator (in astronomy). ˚देशः
    1 a first meridian, as Laṅkā.
    -2 a place where the sun is always vertical and the days and nights are equal.
    -3 the equatorial region.
    -अक्षर a. Not knowing the letters, illiterate.
    -अग्नि a. having lost or neg- lected the consecrated fire; स संन्यासी च योगी च न निरग्निर्न चाक्रियः Bg.6.1.
    -अग्र (क) a. divisible without remain- der.
    -अङ्कुश a. 'not curbed by a hook', unchecked, uncontrolled; unruly, independent, completely free, unfettered; निरङ्कुश इव द्विपः Bhāg.; कामो निकामनिरङ्कुशः Gīt.7; निरङ्कुशाः कवयः Sk.; Bh.3.15; Mv.3.39; विनयरुचयः सदैव निरङ्कुशाः Mu.3.6. ˚ता self-will, indepen- dence.
    -अघ a. sinless, blameless.
    -अङ्ग a.
    1 having no parts.
    -2 deprived of expedients or resources.
    -अजिन a. skinless.
    -अञ्जन a.
    1 without collyrium; निरञ्जने साचिविलोलिकं दृशौ Ki.8.52.
    -2 unstained, untinged.
    -3 free from falsehood; तदा विद्वान् पुण्यपापे विधूय निरञ्जनं परमं साम्यमुपैति Munda 3.1.3.
    -4 simple, artless.
    (-नः) 1 an epithet of Śiva.
    -2 N. of the Supreme Being.
    (-ना) 1 the day of full moon.
    -2 an epithet of Durgā.
    -अतिशय a. unsurpassed, matchless, un- rivalled; निरतिशयं गरिमाणं तेन जनन्याः स्मरन्ति विद्वांसः Pt.1.3. (
    -यः) the Supreme Being.
    -अत्यय a.
    1 free from danger, secure, safe; तद्भवान् वृत्तसंपन्नः स्थितः पथि निरत्यये Rām.4.29.12; R.17.53.
    -2 free from fault, unblamable, faultless, disinterested; Ki.1.12, शक्तिरर्थपतिषु स्वयंग्रहं प्रेम कारयति वा निरत्ययम् 13.61.
    -3 com- pletely successful.
    -अधिष्ठान a.
    1 supportless.
    -2 in- dependent.
    -अध्व a. one who has lost one's way.
    -अनुक्रोश a. pitiless, merciless, hard-hearted. (
    -शः) mercilessness, hard-heartedness.
    -अनुग a. having no followers.
    -अनुग्रह a. Ungracious, unkind; Bhāg.5. 12.7.
    -अनुनासिक a. not nasal.
    -अनुमान a. not bound to conclusions or consequences.
    -अनुयोज्य a. unblamable, faultless.
    -अनुरोध a.
    1 unfavourable, unfriendly.
    -2 unkind, unamiable; Māl.1.
    -अन्तर a.
    -1 constant, perpetual, uninterrupted, incessant; निरन्त- राधिपटलैः Bv.1.16; निरन्तरास्वन्तरवातवृष्टिषु Ku.5.25.
    -2 having no intervening or intermediate space, having no interval, close, closely contiguous, in close contact; मूढे निरन्तरपयोधरया मयैव Mk.5.15; हृदयं निरन्तरबृहत्कठिनस्तन- मण्डलावरणमप्यभिदन् Śi.9.66.
    -3 compact, dense; परितो रुद्धनिरन्तराम्बराः Śi.16.76.
    -4 coarse, gross.
    -5 faithful, true (as a friend).
    -6 not hidden from view.
    -7 not different, similar, identical.
    -8 sincere, sympathetic; सुहृदि निरन्तरचित्ते (निवेद्य दुःखं सुखीभवति) Pt.1.341.
    -9 abounding in, full of; निपात्यमानैर्ददृशे निरन्तरम् Rām.7.7. 54; गुणैश्च निरन्तराणि Mv.4.12. (
    -रम्) ind.
    1 without interruption, constantly, continually, incessantly.
    -2 without intervening space or interval.
    -3 closely, tightly, firmly; (परिष्वजस्व) कान्तैरिदं मम निरन्तरमङ्गमङ्गैः Ve.3.27; परिष्वजेते शयने निरन्तरम् Ṛs.2.11.
    -4 immedia- tely. ˚अभ्यासः constant study, diligent exercise or pra- ctice.
    -अन्तराल a.
    1 without an intervening space, close.
    -2 narrow.
    -अन्धस् a. foodless, hungry.
    -अन्वय a.
    1 having no progeny, childless.
    -2 unconnected, unrelated; Ms.8.198.
    -3 not agreeing with the con- text (as a word in a sentence).
    -4 without logical connection or regular sequence, unmethodical.
    -5 without being seen, out of sight; निरन्वयं भवेत् स्तेयम् Ms.8. 332.
    -6 without retinue, unaccompanied, see अन्वय.
    -7 sudden, unexpected; U.7.
    -8 exterminatory, without leaving any species or trace; प्रागाधारनिरन्वयप्रमथनादुच्छेदमे- वाकरोः... Mv.3.13; (com. नाशो द्विविधः--स्वान्वयविनाशः, निरन्वयविनाशश्चेति......निर्वापणादिना सजातीयज्वालोदयानर्हविनाशस्तु निरन्वयविनाशः ।).
    -अपत्रप a.
    1 shameless, impudent.
    -2 bold.
    -अपराध a. guiltless, innocent, faultless, blame- less. (
    -धः) innocence.
    -अपवर्त a.
    1 not turning back.
    -2 (in arith.) leaving no common divisor, reduced to the lowest terms.
    -अपवाद a.
    1 blameless.
    -2 not admitting of any exception.
    -अपाय a.
    1 free from harm or evil.
    -2 free from decay, imperishable.
    -3 infallible; उपायो निरपायो$यमस्माभिरभिचिन्तितः Rām.1.1.2.
    -अपेक्ष a.
    1 not depending on, irrespective or independent of, having no need of (with loc.); न्यायनिर्णीतसारत्वा- न्निरपेक्षमिवागमे Ki.11.39.
    -2 disregarding, taking no notice of.
    -3 free from desire, secure; निरपेक्षो न कर्तव्यो भृत्यैः स्वामी कदाचन H.2.82.
    -4 careless, negligent, indifferent
    -5 indifferent to worldly attachments or pursuits; समुपोढेषु कामेषु निरपेक्षः परिव्रजेत् Ms.6.41.
    -6 disinterested, not expecting any reward from another; दिशि दिशि निरपेक्ष- स्तावकीनं विवृण्वन् Bv.1.5.
    -7 without purpose. (
    -क्षा) indifference, disregard.
    -अपेक्षित a.
    1 disregarded.
    -2 regardless.
    -अपेक्षिन् a. disregarding, indifferent.
    -अभिभव a.
    1 not subject to humiliation or disgrace.
    -2 not to be surpassed, unrivalled.
    -अभिमान a.
    1 free from self-conceit, devoid of pride or egotism.
    -2 void of self-respect.
    -3 unconscious.
    -अभिलाष a. not caring for, indifferent to; स्वसुखनिरभिलाषः खिद्यसे लोकहेतोः Ś.5.7.
    -अभिसंधानम् absence of design.
    -अभ्र a. cloudless.
    -अमर्ष a.
    1 void of anger, patient.
    -2 apa- thetic.
    -अम्बर a. naked.
    -अम्बु a.
    1 abstaining from water.
    -2 waterless, destitute of water.
    -अर्गल a. without a bolt, unbarred, unobstructed, unrestrained, unimpeded, completely free; M.5; मरणसमये त्यक्त्वा शङ्कां प्रलापनिरर्गलम् Māl.5.26. (
    -लम्) ind. freely.
    -अर्थ a.
    1 void of wealth, poor, indigent; स्त्रियः कृतार्थाः पुरुषं निरर्थं निष्पीडितालक्तकवत्त्यजन्ति Pt.1.194.
    -2 meaningless, un- meaning (as a word or sentence).
    -3 non-sensical.
    -4 vain, useless, purposeless.
    (-र्थः) 1 loss, detriment.
    -2 nonsense.
    -अर्थक a.
    1 useless, vain, unprofitable.
    -2 unmeaning, nonsensical, conveying no reasonable meaning; इत्थं जन्म निरर्थकं क्षितितले$रण्ये यथा मालती S. D.
    -3 (a consonant) not followed by a vowel. (
    -कम्) an expletive; निरर्थकं तु हीत्यादि पूरणैकप्रयोजनम् Chandr.2.6.
    -अलंकृतिः (in Rhet.) want of ornament, simplicity.
    -अवकाश a.
    1 without free space.
    -2 without leisure.
    -अवग्रह a.
    1 'free from restraint', unrestrained, un- checked, uncontrolled, irresistible.
    -2 free, indepen- dent.
    -3 self-willed, head-strong. (
    -हम्) ind.
    1 un- interruptedly.
    -2 intensely, strongly.
    -अवद्य a.
    1 blameless, faultless, unblameable, unobjectionable; हृद्य- निरवद्यरूपो भूपो बभूव Dk.1.
    -2 an epithet of the Supreme Being (having no passions).
    -अवधि a. having no end, unlimited; कथं तूष्णीं सह्यो निरवधिरयं त्वप्रतिविधः U. 3.44;6.3; Māl.1.6.
    -2 continuous; महानाधिव्याधि- र्निरवधिरिदानीं प्रसरतु Māl.4.3.
    1 without parts.
    -2 indivisible.
    -3 without limbs.
    -अवलम्ब a.
    1 unsupported, without support; Ś.6.
    -2 not affording support.
    -3 not depending or relying on.
    -अवशेष a. whole, complete, entire, (निरवशेषेण ind. completely, entirely, fully, totally).
    -अवसाद a. cheerful; Gīt.
    -अव्यय a. eternal, immutable.
    - अशन a. abstaining from food. (
    -नम्) fasting.
    -अश्रि a. even; Kau. A.2.11.
    -अष्ट a. Ved. driven away, scattered. (
    -ष्टः) a horse twentyfour years old.
    -अस्त्र a. weaponless, unarmed.
    -अस्थि a. boneless.
    -अहंकार, -अहंकृति a. free from egotism or pride, humble, lowly; Bg.12.13.
    -अहंकृत a.
    1 having no egotism or self-consciousness.
    -2 without individuality.
    -3 unselfish.
    -अहम् a. free from egotism or self-conceit; ह्यनामरूपं निरहं प्रपद्ये Bhāg. 5.19.4.
    -आकाङ्क्ष a.
    1 wishing nothing, free from desire.
    -2 wanting nothing to fill up or complete (as the sense of a word or sentence).
    -आकार a.
    1 devoid of form, formless, without form.
    -2 ugly, deformed.
    -3 disguised.
    -4 unassuming, modest.
    (-रः) 1 the universal spirit, Almighty.
    -2 an epithet of Śiva.
    -3 of Viṣṇu. ˚ज्ञानवादः the doctrine that the perception of the outer world does not arise from images impres- sed on the mind; Sarva. S.
    -आकृति a.
    1 formless, shapeless.
    -2 deformed.
    (-तिः) 1 a religious student who has not duly gone through a course of study, or who has not properly read the Vedas.
    -2 especially, a Brāhmaṇa who has neglected the duties of his caste by not going through a regular course of study; a fool; ग्रामधान्यं यथा शून्यं यथा कूपश्च निर्जलः । यथा हुतमनग्नौ च तथैव स्यान्निराकृतौ ॥ Mb.12.36.48.
    -3 one who neglects the five great religious duties or yajñas; Ms.3.154.
    -आकाश a. leaving no free space, completely filled or occupied,
    -आकुल a.
    1 unconfused, unperplexed, un- bewildered; Ki.11.38.
    -2 steady, calm; सुपात्रनिक्षेपनिरा- कुलात्मना (प्रजासृजा) Śi.1.28.
    -3 clear.
    -4 perspicuous; अलिकुलसङ्कुलकुसुमसमूहनिराकुलबकुलकलापे Gīt.1.
    (-लम्) 1 calmness serenity.
    -2 perspicuity, clearness.
    -आक्रन्द a. not crying or complaining. (
    -दः) a place where no sound can be heard.
    -आक्रोश a. unaccused, unreviled.
    - आगम a. not founded on revelation or scripture, not derived from the Vedas.
    -आगस् a. faultless, innocent, sinless; कथमेकपदे निरागसं जनमाभाष्यमिमं न मन्यसे R.8.48.
    -आचार a. without approved customs or usages, lawless, barbarian.
    -आडम्बर a.
    1 without drums.
    -2 without show, unostentatious.
    -आतङ्क a.
    1 free from fear; R.1.63; निरातङ्को रङ्को विहरति चिरं कोटिकनकैः Śaṅkara (देव्यपराधक्षमापनस्तोत्रम् 6).
    -2 without ailment, comfort- able, healthy.
    -3 not causing pain.
    -4 unchecked, unhampered; निरातङ्कः पङ्केष्विव पिशितपिण्डेषु विलसन् Māl. 5.34. (
    -कः) an epithet of Śiva.
    - आतप a. sheltered from heat, shady, not penetrated by the sun's rays. (
    -पा) the night.
    - आदर a. disrespectful.
    -आदान a.
    1 taking or receiving nothing; Mb.3.
    -2 an epithet of Buddha.
    -आधार a.
    1 without a receptacle.
    -2 without support, supportless (fig. also); निराधारो हा रोदिमि कथय केषामिह पुरः G. L.4.39.
    -आधि a. secure, free from anxiety.
    -आनन्द a. cheerless, sad, sorrowful.
    -आन्त्र a.
    1 disembowelled.
    -2 having the entrails hanging out.
    -आपद् a. free from misfortune or calamity. (-f.) prosperity.
    -आबाध a.
    1 unvexed, unmolested, undis- turbed, free from disturbance.
    -2 unobstructed.
    -3 not molesting or disturbing.
    -4 (in law) frivolously vexatious (as a suit or cause of complaint); e. g. अस्मद्- गृहप्रदीपप्रकाशेनायं स्वगृहे व्यवहरति Mitā.
    1 free from disease or illness, sound, healthy, hale.
    -2 untainted, pure.
    -3 guileless.
    -4 free from defects or blemishes.
    -5 full, complete.
    -6 infallible.
    -7 not liable to failure or miscarriage. (
    -यः, यम्) freedom from disease or illness, health, well-being, welfare, happiness; कुरूणां पाण्डवानां च प्रतिपत्स्व निरामयम् Mb.5.78.8.
    (-यः) 1 a wild goat.
    -2 a hog or boar.
    -आमिष a.
    1 fleshless; निरुपमरसप्रीत्या खादन्नरास्थि निरामिषम् Bh.
    -2 having no sensual desires or covetousness; Ms.6.49.
    -3 receiving no wages or remuneration.
    -आय a. yielding no income or revenue, profitless.
    -यः an idler living from hand to mouth.
    1 full-stretched or extended; निरायतपूर्वकायाः Ś.1.8.
    -2 contracted, compact.
    -आय- -तत्वम् shortness, compactness; निरायतत्वादुदरेण ताम्यता Ki.8.17.
    -आयति a. one whose end is at hand; नियता लघुता निरायतेः Ki.2.14.
    -आयास a. not fatiguing, easy.
    -आयुध a. unarmed, weaponless.
    -आरम्भ a. abstaining from all work (in good sense); Mb.3.82.11.
    -आलम्ब a.
    1 having no prop or support (fig. also); ऊर्ध्वबाहुं निरालम्बं तं राजा प्रत्यभाषत Rām.7.89.1; निरालम्बो लोकः कुलमयशसा नः परिवृतम् Mv.4.53.
    -2 not depending on another, independent.
    -3 self-supported, friendless, alone; निरालम्बो लम्बोदरजननि कं यामि शरणम् Jag. (
    -म्बा) spikenard. (
    -म्बम्) Brahman.
    -आलोक a.
    1 not looking about or seeing.
    -2 deprived of sight.
    -3 deprived of light, dark; निरालोकं लोकम् Māl.5.3; Bhāg.8.24.35.
    -5 invisible. (
    -कः) an epithet of Śiva.
    -आवर्ण a. manifest, evident.
    -आश a.
    1 devoid of hope, despairing or despondent of; मनो बभूवेन्दुमतीनिराशम् R.6.2.
    -2 depriving (one) of all hope.
    -आशक, -आशिन् a. hopeless; अद्य दुर्योधनो राज्याज्जीविताच्च निराशकः (भविष्यति) Mb.8.74.13.
    -आशङ्क a. fearless.
    -आशा hopeless- ness, despair.
    -आशिस् a.
    1 without a boon or blessing, without virtues; आश्रमा विहिताः सर्वे वर्जयित्वा निराशिषम् Mb.12.63.13.
    -2 without any desire, wish or hope, indifferent; निराशीर्यतचित्तात्मा Bg.4.21; जगच्छ- रण्यस्य निराशिषः सतः Ku.5.76.
    -आश्रय a.
    1 without a prop or support, supportless, unsupported; न तिष्ठति निराश्रयं लिङ्गम् Sāṅ. K.41.
    -2 friendless, destitute, alone, without shelter or refuge; निराश्रयाधुना वत्सलता.
    -3 not deep (as a wound).
    -आस्वाद a. tasteless, insipid, un- savoury.
    -आहार a. 'foodless', fasting, abstaining from food. (
    -रः) fasting; कालो$ग्निः कर्म मृद् वायुर्मनो ज्ञानं तपो जलम् । पश्चात्तापो निराहारः सर्वे$मी शुद्धिहेतवः ॥ Y.3.31.
    -इङ्ग a. immovable, stationary; यथा दीपो निवातस्थो निरिङ्गो ज्वलते पुनः Mb.12.46.6.
    -इच्छ a. without wish or desire, indifferent.
    -इन्द्रिय a.
    1 having lost a limb or the use of it.
    -2 mutilated, maimed.
    -3 weak, infirm, frail; Kaṭh.1.1.3.
    -4 barren.
    -5 without प्रमाण or means of certain knowledge; निरिन्द्रिया ह्यमन्त्राश्च स्त्रियो$नृत- मिति स्थितिः Ms.9.18.
    -6 destitute of manly vigour, impotent (Ved.).
    -इन्धन a. destitute of fuel.
    -ईति a. free from the calamities of the season; निरातङ्का निरीतयः R.1.63; see ईति.
    -ईश्वर a. godless, atheistic. -˚वाद atheistic doctrine.
    -ईषम् the body of a plough.
    -ईह a.
    1 desireless, indifferent; निरीहाणामीशस्तृणमिव तिरस्कारविषयः Mu.3.16.
    -2 inactive; निरीहस्य हतद्विषः R.1.24.
    (-हा), -निरीहता, -त्वम् 1 inactivity.
    -2 indifference.
    -उच्छ्वास a.
    1 breathless, without breathing; निरुच्छ्वासं हरिं चक्रुः Rām.7.7.6.
    -2 narrow, contracted; उपेयुषो वर्त्म निरन्तराभिरसौ निरुच्छ्वासमनीकिनीभिः Śi.3.32.
    -3 dead; निरुच्छ्वासाः पुनः केचित् पतिता जगतीतले Rām.6.58.13. (
    -सः) absence of breath; लोका निरुच्छ्वासनिपीडिता भृशम् Bhāg.4. 8.8.
    -उत्तर a.
    1 answerless, without a reply.
    -2 un- able to answer, silenced.
    -3 having no superior.
    -उत्थ a. irrecoverable.
    -उद्धति a. not jolting (a chariot); अभूतल- स्पर्शतया निरुद्धतिः Ś.7.1. (v. l.)
    -उत्सव a. without festivi- ties; विरतं गेयमृतुर्निरुत्सवः R.8.66.
    -उत्साह a.
    1 inactive, indolent.
    -2 devoid of energy.
    (-हः) 1 absence of energy.
    -2 indolence.
    -उत्सुक a.
    1 indifferent.
    -2 calm, tranquil.
    - उदक a. waterless.
    1 having no belly or trunk.
    -2 thin (अतुन्दिल); श्रीमान्निरुदरो महान् Rām.3.16.31.
    -उद्यम, -उद्योग a. effortless, inactive, lazy, idle.
    उद्विग्न, -उद्वेग a. free from excitement or perturbation, sedate, calm.
    -उपक्रम a.
    1 without a commencement.
    -2 incurable.
    -उपद्रव a.
    1 free from calamity or affliction, not visited by danger or adver- sity, lucky, happy, undisturbed, unmolested, free from hostile attacks.
    -2 free from national distress or tyranny.
    -3 causing no affliction.
    -4 auspicious (as a star).
    -5 secure, peaceful.
    -उपधि a. guileless, honest; U.2.2. ˚जीवन a. leading an honest life. (v. l.).
    -उपपत्ति a. unsuitable.
    1 without any title or designation; अरे आर्यचारुदत्तं निरुपपदेन नाम्नालपसि Mk.1.18/19.
    -2 unconnected with a subordinate word.
    -उपप्लव a.
    1 free from disturbance, obstacle or calamity, unharmed; निरुपप्लवानि नः कर्माणि संवृत्तानि Ś3.
    -2 not causing any affliction or misery.
    -3 an epithet of Śiva.
    -उपभोग a. without enjoyment; संसरति निरुपभोगं भावैरधिवासितं लिङ्गम् Sāṅ. K.4.
    - उपम a. peerless, matchless, incomparable.
    -उपसर्ग free from portents.
    -उपस्कृत a. not corrupted, pure; of self-denying temperament; शमेन तपसा चैव भक्त्या च निरुपस्कृतः । शुद्धात्मा ब्राह्मणो रात्रौ निदर्शनमपश्यत ॥ Mb.12.271.14.
    1 not injured, unhurt.
    -2 auspicious, lucky.
    -उपाख्य a.
    1 unreal, false, non-existent (as वन्ध्यापुत्र).
    -2 immaterial.
    -3 invisible. (
    -ख्यम्) the supreme Brahman.
    -उपाधि (क) a. without qualities, absolute.
    -उपाय a.
    1 without expedients, helpless.
    -2 unsuc- cessful.
    -उपेक्ष a.
    1 free from trick or fraud.
    -2 not neglectful.
    -उष्मन् a. devoid of heat, cold.
    -गन्ध a. void of smell, scentless, unfragrant, inodorous; निर्गन्धा इव किंशुकाः. ˚पुष्पी f. the Śālmali tree.
    -गर्व a. free from pride.
    -गवाक्ष a. windowless.
    -गुण a.
    1 stringless (as a bow).
    -2 devoid of all properties.
    -3 devoid of good qualities, bad, worthless; निर्गुणः शोभते नैव विपुलाड- म्बरो$पि ना Bv.1.115.
    -4 without attributes; साकारं च निराकारं सगुणं निर्गुणं विभुम् Brahmavai. P.
    -5 having no epithet. (
    -णः) the Supreme Spirit. ˚आत्मक a. having no qualities.
    -गृहः a. houseless, homeless; सुगृही निर्गृही- कृता Pt.39.
    -गौरव a.
    1 without dignity, undignified.
    -2 devoid of respect.
    -ग्रन्थ a.
    1 freed from all ties or hindrances; आत्मारामाश्च मुनयो निर्ग्रन्था अप्युरुक्रमे । कुर्वन्त्यहैतुकीं भक्तिम् Bhāg.1.7.1.
    -2 poor, possessionless, beggarly.
    -3 alone, unassisted.
    (-न्थः) 1 an idiot, a fool.
    -2 a gambler.
    -3 a saint or devotee who has renounced all worldly attachments and wanders about naked and lives as a hermit.
    -4 A Buddha Muni.
    -ग्रन्थक a.
    1 clever, expert.
    -2 unaccompanied, alone.
    -3 deserted, abandoned.
    -4 fruitless. (
    -कः 1 a religious mendicant.
    -2 a naked devotee.
    -3 a gam- bler.
    -ग्रन्थिक a. clever. (
    -कः) a naked mendicant, a Jaina mendicant of the Digambara class.
    -घटम् 1 a free market.
    -2 a crowded market.
    -घण्टः See निघण्टः.
    -घृण a.
    1 cruel, merciless, pitiless.
    -2 shame- less, immodest.
    -घृणा cruelty.
    -घोष a. noiseless, still, calm.
    -जन a.
    1 tenantless, uninhabited, unfrequented, lonely, desolate.
    -2 without any retinue or attendants; भूयश्चैवाभिरक्षन्तु निर्धनान्निर्जना इव Mb.12.151.7. (
    -नम्) a desert, solitude, lonely place.
    -जन्तु a. free from living germs; H. Yoga.
    -जर a.
    1 young, fresh.
    -2 imperishable, immortal. (
    -रः) a deity, god; (nom. pl. निर्जराः -निर्जरसः) (
    -रम्) ambrosia, nectar.
    -जरायु a. Ved. skinless.
    -जल a.
    1 waterless, desert, destitute of water.
    -2 not mixed with water. (
    -लः) a waste, desert. ˚एकादशी N. of the eleventh day in the bright half of Jyeṣṭha.
    -जाड्य free from coldness.
    -जिह्वः a frog.
    -जीव a.
    1 lifeless.
    -2 dead; चिता दहति निर्जीवं चिन्ता दहति जीवितम्.
    -ज्ञाति a. having no kinsmen, alone.
    -ज्वर a. feverless, healthy.
    -दण्डः a Śūdra.
    -दय a.
    1 merci- less, cruel, pitiless, unmerciful, unkind.
    -2 passion- ate.
    -3 very close, firm or fast, strong, excessive, violent; मुग्धे विधेहि मयि निर्दयदन्तदंशम् Gīt.1; निर्दयरति- श्रमालसाः R.19.32; निर्दयाश्लेषहेतोः Me.18.
    -4 unpitied by any; निर्दया निर्नमस्कारास्तन्मनोरनुशासनम् Ms.9.239.
    -दयम् ind.
    1 unmercifully, cruelly.
    -2 violently, excessively; न प्रहर्तुमलमस्मि निर्दयम् R.11.84.
    -दश a. more than ten days old; यदा पशुर्निर्दशः स्यादथ मेध्यो भवे- दिति Bhāg.9.7.11.
    - दशन a. toothless.
    -दाक्षिण्य a. uncourteous.
    -दुःख a.
    1 free from pain, painless.
    -2 not causing pain.
    -दैन्य a. happy, comfortable.
    -दोष a.
    1 faultless, defectless; न निर्दोषं न निर्गुणम्
    -2 guiltless, innocent.
    -द्रव्य a.
    1 immaterial.
    -2 without property, poor.
    -द्रोह a. not hostile, friendly, well-disposed, not malicious.
    -द्वन्द्व a.
    1 indifferent in regard to opposite pairs of feelings (pleasure or pain), neither glad nor sorry; निर्द्वन्द्वो निर्ममो भूत्वा चरिष्यामि मृगैः सह Mb.1.85.16; निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्यसत्त्वस्थो निर्योगक्षेम आत्मवान् Bg.2.45.
    -2 not dependent upon another, independent.
    -3 free from jealousy or envy.
    -4 not double.
    -5 not contested, un- disputed.
    -6 not acknowledging two principles.
    -धन a. without property, poor, indigent; शशिनस्तुल्यवंशो$पि निर्धनः परिभूयते Chāṇ.82. (
    -नः) an old ox. ˚ता, ˚त्वम् poverty, indigence.
    -धर्म a. unrighteous, impious, unholy.
    -धूम a. smokeless.
    -धौत a. cleansed, rendered clean; निर्धौत- दानामलगण्डभित्तिर्वन्यः सरित्तो गज उन्ममज्ज R.5.43.
    -नमस्कार a.
    1 not courteous or civil, not respecting any one.
    -2 disrespected, despised.
    -नर a. abandoned by men, deserted.
    -नाणक a. coinless, penniless; Mk.2.
    -नाथ a. without a guardian or master. ˚ता
    1 want of protection.
    -2 widowhood.
    -3 orphanage.
    -नाभि a. going or reaching beyond the navel; निर्नाभि कौशेयमुपात्तबाणम् Ku.7.7.
    -नायक a. having no leader or ruler, anarchic.
    -नाशन, -नाशिन् a. expelling, banishing.
    -निद्र a. sleepless, wakeful.
    -निमित्त a.
    1 causeless.
    -2 disinterested.
    -निमेष a. not twinkling.
    -बन्धु a. without kindred or relation, friendless.
    -बल n. powerless, weak, feeble.
    -बाध a.
    1 unobstructed.
    -2 unfrequented, lonely, solitary.
    -3 unmolested.
    (-धः) 1 a part of the marrow.
    -2 a knob.
    -बीज a. seedless, impotent. (
    -जा) a sort of grape (Mar. बेदाणा).
    -बुद्धि a. stupid, ignorant, foolish.
    -बुष, -बुस a. unhusked, freed from chaff.
    -भक्त a. taken without eating (as a medicine).
    -भय a.
    1 fearless, undaunted.
    -2 free from danger, safe, secure; निर्भयं तु भवेद्यस्य राष्ट्रं बाहुबलाश्रितम् Ms.9.255.
    -भर a.
    1 excessive, vehement, violent, much, strong; त्रपाभरनिर्भर- स्मरशर &c. Gīt.12; तन्व्यास्तिष्ठतु निर्भरप्रणयिता मानो$पि रम्यो- दयः Amaru.47.
    -2 ardent.
    -3 fast, close (as embrace); कुचकुम्भनिर्भरपरीरम्भामृतं वाञ्छति Gīt.; परिरभ्य निर्भरम् Gīt.1.
    -4 sound, deep (as sleep).
    -5 full of, filled with (at the end of comp.); आनन्द˚, गर्व˚ &c. (
    -रः) a servant receiving no wages. (
    -रम्) excess. (
    -रम् ind.)
    1 ex- cessively, exceedingly, intensely.
    -2 soundly.
    -भाग्य a. unfortunate, unlucky.
    -भाज्य a. to be separated; स निर्भाज्यः स्वकादंशात् किंचिद्दत्वोपजीवनम् Ms.9.27.
    -भृतिः a. without wages, hireless.
    -भोगः a. not fond of plea- sures.
    -मक्षिक a. 'free from flies', undisturbed, private, lonely. (
    -कम्) ind. without flies, i. e. lonely, private; कृतं भवतेदानीं निर्मक्षिकम् Ś.2,6.
    -मज्ज a. fatless, meagre.
    -मत्सर a. free from envy, unenvious; निर्मत्सरे मत्समे वत्स... वसुन्धराभारमारोप्य Rāmāyaṇachampū.
    -मत्स्य a. fishless.
    -मद a.
    1 not intoxicated, sober, quiet.
    -2 not proud, humble.
    -3 sad, sorry.
    -4 not in rut (as an elephant).
    -मनुज, -मनुष्य a. tenantless, uninhabited, deserted by men.
    -मन्तु a. faultless, innocent.
    -मन्त्र a.
    1 a ceremony, unaccompanied by holy texts.
    -2 not familiar with holy texts; Mb.12.36.43.
    -मन्यु, -मन्युक a. free from anger; Mb.5.133.4.
    -मम a.
    1 free from all connections with the outer world, who has renounced all worldly ties; संसारमिव निर्ममः (ततार) R.12.6; Bg.2.71; निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः 3.3.
    -2 unselfish, disinterested.
    -3 indifferent to (with loc.); निर्ममे निर्ममो$र्थेषु मथुरां मधुराकृतिः R.15.28; प्राप्तेष्वर्थेषु निर्ममाः Mb.
    -4 an epithet of Śiva.
    -मर्याद a.
    1 boundless, immeasurable.
    -2 transgressing the limits of right or propriety, unrestrained, unruly, sinful, criminal; मनुजपशुभिर्निर्मर्यादैर्भवद्भिरुदायुधैः Ve.3.22.
    -3 confused.
    -4 insolent, immodest. (
    -दम्) ind. confusedly, topsy- turvy. (
    -दम्) confusion, disorder.
    -मल a.
    1 free from dirt or impurities, clear, pure, stainless, unsullied (fig. also); नीरान्निर्मलतो जनिः Bv.1.63.
    -2 resplendent, bright; Bh.1.56.
    -3 sinless, virtuous; निर्मलाः स्वर्गमायान्ति सन्तः सुकृतिनो यथा Ms.8.318.
    (-लम्) 1 talc.
    -2 the remainings of an offering made to a deity. ˚उपलः a crystal.
    - मशक a. free from gnats.
    -मांस a. fleshless; स्वल्प- स्नायुवसावशेषमलिनं निर्मांसमप्यस्थिकम् Bh.2.3.
    -मान a.
    1 without self-confidence.
    -2 free from pride.
    -मानुष a. uninhabited, desolate.
    -मार्ग a. roadless, pathless.
    -मिथ्य a. not false, true; H. Yoga.
    -मुटः 1 a tree bearing large blossoms.
    -2 the sun.
    -3 a rogue. (
    -टम्) a large free market or fair.
    -मूल a.
    1 rootless (as a tree).
    -2 baseless, unfounded (statement, charge &c.).
    -3 eradicated.
    -मेघ a. cloudless.
    -मेध a. without un- derstanding, stupid, foolish, dull.
    -मोह a. free from illusion. (
    -हः) an epithet of Śiva.
    -यत्न a. inactive, lazy, dull.
    -यन्त्रण a.
    1 unrestrained, unobstructed, uncontrolled, unrestricted.
    -2 unruly, self-willed, in- dependent.
    (-णम्) 1 squeezing out.
    -2 absence of restraint, independence.
    -यशस्क a. without fame, dis- creditable, inglorious.
    -युक्त a.
    1 constructed, built.
    -2 directed.
    -3 (in music) limited to metre and mea- sure.
    -युक्ति f.
    1 disunion.
    -2 absence of connection or government.
    -3 unfitness, impropriety.
    -युक्तिक a.
    1 disjoined, unconnected.
    -2 illogical, unmeaning.
    -3 unfit, improper.
    -यूथ a. separated from the herd, strayed from the flock (as an elephant).
    -यूष = निर्यास.
    -योगक्षेम a. free from care (about acquisition); Bg.2. 45.
    -रक्त a. (
    -नीरक्त) colourless, faded.
    -रज, -रजस्क a.
    (-नीरज, नीरजस्क) 1 free from dust.
    -2 devoid of passion or darkness. (
    -जः) an epithet of Śiva.
    -रजस् (नरिजस्) a. see
    नीरज. (-f.) a woman not men- struating. ˚तमसा absence of passion or darkness.
    -रत (नीरत) a. not attached to, indifferent.
    -रन्ध्र a.
    (नीरन्ध्र) 1 without holes or interstices, very close or contiguous, thickly situated; नीरन्ध्रनीरनिचुलानि सरित्तटानि U.2.23.
    -2 thick, dense.
    -3 coarse, gross.
    -रव a. (
    -नीरव) not making any noise, noiseless; गतिविभ्रमसाद- नीरवा (रसना) R.8.58.
    -रस a.
    (नीरस) 1 tasteless, unsavoury, flavourless.
    -2 (fig.) insipid, without any poetic charm; नीरसानां पद्मानाम् S. D.1.
    -3 sapless, without juice, withered or dried up; Ś. Til.9.
    -4 vain, use- less, fruitless; अलब्धफलनीरसान् मम विधाय तस्मिन् जने V.2.11.
    -5 disagreeable.
    -6 cruel, merciless. (
    -सः) the pomegranate.
    - रसन a. (
    नीरसन) having no girdle (रसना); Ki.5.11.
    -रुच् a. (
    नीरुच्) without lustre, faded, dim; परिमलरुचिराभिर्न्यक्कृतास्तु प्रभाते युवतिभिरुप- भोगान्नीरुचः पुष्पमालाः Śi.11.27.
    -रुज्, -रुज a. (नीरुज्, नीरुज) free from sickness, healthy, sound; नीरुजस्य किमौषधैः H.1.
    -रूप a. (नीरूप) formless, shapeless.
    (-पः) 1 air, wind.
    -2 a god. (
    -पम्) ether.
    -रोग a. (नीरोग) free from sickness or disease, healthy, sound; यथा नेच्छति नीरोगः कदाचित् सुचिकित्सकम् Pt.1.118.
    -लक्षण a.
    1 having no auspicious marks, ill-featured.
    -2 undisting- uished.
    -3 unimportant, insignificant.
    -4 unspotted.
    -5 having a white back.
    -लक्ष्य a. invisible.
    -लज्ज a. shameless, impudent.
    -लाञ्छनम् the marking of dome- stic animals (by perforating the nose &c.).
    -लिङ्ग a. having no distinguishing or characteristic marks.
    -लिप्त a.
    1 unanointed.
    -2 undefiled, unsullied.
    -3 indifferent to.
    (-प्तः) 1 N. of Kṛiṣṇa.
    -2 a sage.
    -लून a. cut through or off.
    -लेप a.
    1 unsmeared, unanointed; निर्लेपं काञ्चनं भाण्डमद्भिरेव विशुध्यति Ms.5.112.
    -2 stainless, sinless. (
    -पः) a sage.
    -लोभ a. free from desire or avarice, unavaricious.
    -लोमन् a. devoid of hair, hairless.
    -वंश a. without posterity, childless.
    1 not speaking, silent.
    -2 unobjectionable, blameless; (for other senses see the word separately).
    -नम् ind. silently; माल्येन तां निर्वचनं जघान Ku.7.19.
    -वण, -वन a.
    1 being out of a wood.
    -2 free from woods.
    -3 bare, open.
    -वत्सल a. not loving or fondling (esp. children); निर्वत्सले सुतशतस्य विपत्तिमेतां त्वं नानुचिन्तयसि Ve.5.3.
    -वर = निर्दरम् q. v.
    -वसु a. destitute of wealth, poor.
    -वाच्य a.
    1 not fit to be said.
    -2 blameless, unobjectionable; सखीषु निर्वाच्य- मधार्ष्ट्यदूषितं प्रियाङ्गसंश्लेषमवाप मानिनी Ki.8.48.
    -वात a. free or sheltered from wind, calm, still; हिमनिष्यन्दिनी प्रातर्निर्वातेव वनस्थली R.15.66. (
    -तः) a place sheltered from or not exposed to wind; निर्वाते व्यजनम् H.2.124.
    -वानर a. free from monkeys.
    -वायस a. free from crows.
    -वार्य a.
    1 irresistible.
    -2 acting fearlessly or boldly.
    -विकल्प, -विकल्पक a.
    1 not admitting an alternative.
    -2 being without determination or resolu- tion.
    -3 not capable of mutual relation.
    -4 conditioned.
    -5 undeliberative.
    -6 recognizing no such distinction as that of subject and object, or of the knower and the known; as applied to समाधि or contemplation, it is 'an exclusive concentration upon the one entity without distinct and separate consciousness of the knower, the known, and the knowing, and without even self-consciousness'; निर्विकल्पकः ज्ञातृज्ञानादिविकल्पभेद- लयापेक्षः; नो चेत् चेतः प्रविश सहसा निर्विकल्पे समाधौ Bh.3.61; आत्मारामा विहितरतयो निर्विकल्पे समाधौ Ve.1.23.
    -7 (in phil.) not arising from the relation of the qualifier and the qualified, (विशेषणविशेष्यसंबन्धानवगाहि प्रत्यक्षं ज्ञानम्) said of knowledge not derived from the senses, as घटत्व. (
    -ल्पम्) ind. without hesitation or wavering.
    -विकार a.
    1 unchanged, unchangeable, immutable.
    -2 not dispos- ed; तौ स्थास्यतस्ते नृपती निदेशे परस्परावग्रहनिर्विकारौ M.5.14.
    -3 disinterested; तरुविटपलतानां बान्धवो निर्विकारः Ṛs.2.28. (
    -रः) the Supreme deity.
    -विकास a. unblown.
    -विघ्न a. uninterrupted, unobstructed, free from impediments; निर्विघ्नं कुरु मे देव सर्वकार्येषु सर्वदा. (
    -घ्नम्) absence of impedi- ment.
    -विचार a. not reflecting, thoughtless, incon- siderate; रे रे स्वैरिणि निर्विचारकविते मास्मत्प्रकाशीभव Chandr. 1.2. (
    -रम्) ind. thoughtlessly, unhesitatingly.
    -वि- चिकित्स a. free from doubt or reflection.
    -विचेष्ट a. motionless, insensible; यो हि दिष्टमुपासीनो निर्विचेष्टः सुखं शयेत् Mb.3.32.14.
    -वितर्क a. unreflecting.
    -विनोद a. without amusement, void of pastime, diversion or solace; शङ्के रात्रौ गुरुतरशुचं निर्विनोदां सखीं ते Me.9.
    -विन्ध्या N. of a river in the Vindhya hills; निर्विन्ध्यायाः पथि भव रसाभ्यन्तरः सन्निपत्य Me.28.
    -विमर्श a.
    1 void of reflec- tion, thoughtless.
    -2 not having विमर्श Sandhi.
    -विवर a.
    1 having no opening or cavity.
    2 without interstices or interval, close, compact; घटते हि संहततया जनितामिदमेव निर्विवरतां दधतोः Śi.9.44.
    -विवाद a.
    1 not contending or disagreeing.
    -2 undisputed, not contra- dicted or disputed, universally acknowledged.
    -विवेक a. indiscreet, void of judgment, wanting in discrimination, foolish.
    -विशङ्क a. fearless, undaunted, confident; Ms.7.176; यस्मिन्कृत्यं समावेश्य निर्विशङ्केन चेतसा । आस्यते सेवकः स स्यात् कलत्रमिव चापरम् ॥ Pt.1.85.
    -विशेष a. showing or making no difference, indiscriminating, without dis- tinction; निर्विशेषा वयं त्वयि Mb.; निर्विशेषो विशेषः Bh.3.5. 'a difference without distinction'.
    -2 having no difference, same, like, not differing from (oft. in comp.); निर्विशेषाकृति 'having the same form'; प्रवातनीलो- त्पलनिर्विशेषम् Ku.1.46; स निर्विशेषप्रतिपत्तिरासीत् R.14.22.
    -3 indiscriminate, promiscuous. (
    -षः) absence of difference. (निर्विशेषम् and निर्विशेषेण are used adverbially in the sense of 'without difference', 'equally', indiscrimi- nately'; क्रुद्धेन विप्रमुक्तो$यं निर्विशेषं प्रियाप्रिये Rām.7.22.41. स्वगृहनिर्विशेषमत्र स्थीयताम् H.1; R.5.6.).
    -विशेषण a. without attributes.
    -विष a. poisonless (as a snake); निर्विषा डुण्डुभाः स्मृताः.
    -विषङ्ग a. not attached, indifferent.
    -विषय a.
    1 expelled or driven away from one's home, residence or proper place; मनोनिर्विषयार्थकामया Ku.5.38; R.9.32; also
    -निर्विषयीकृत; वने प्राक्कलनं तीर्थं ये ते निर्विषयी- कृताः Rām.2.14.4.
    -2 having no scope or sphere of action; किंच एवं काव्यं प्रविरलविषयं निर्विषयं वा स्यात् S. D.1.
    -3 not attached to sensual objects (as mind).
    -विषाण a. destitute of horns.
    -विहार a. having no pleasure.
    -वीज, -बीज a.
    1 seedless.
    -2 impotent.
    -3 causeless.
    -वीर a.
    1 deprived of heroes; निर्वीरमुर्वीतलम् P. R.1.31.
    -2 cowardly.
    -वीरा a woman whose husband and children are dead.
    -वीर्य a. powerless, feeble, unmanly, impotent; निर्वीर्यं गुरुशापभाषितवशात् किं मे तवेवायुधम् Ve.3.34.
    -वीरुध, -वृक्ष a. treeless.
    -वृत्ति f. accomplishment, achievement; अत आसां निर्वृत्त्या अपवर्गः स्यात् । आतण्डुलनिर्वृत्तेः आ च पिष्टनिर्वृत्तेरभ्यास इति ॥ ŚB. on MS.11.1.27. -a. having no occupation, destitute. See निर्वृति.
    -वृष a. depriv- ed of bulls.
    -वेग a. not moving, quiet, calm.
    -वेतन a honorary, unsalaried.
    -वेद a. not acknowledging the Vedas, an atheist, infidel.
    -वेष्टनम् a. a weaver's shuttle.
    -वैर a. free from enmity, amicable, peaceable. (
    -रम्) absence of enmity.
    -वैलक्ष्य a. shameless.
    -व्यञ्जन a.
    1 straight-forward.
    -2 without condiment. (
    -नम् ind.) plainly, in a straight-forward or honest manner.
    -व्यथ, -न a.
    1 free from pain.
    -2 quiet, calm.
    -व्यथनम् a hole; छिद्रं निर्व्यथनम् Ak.
    -व्यपेक्ष a. indifferent to, regardless of; मृग्यश्च दर्भाङ्कुरनिर्व्यपेक्षास्तवागतिज्ञं समबोधयन् माम् R.13.25;14.39.
    -व्यलीक a.
    1 not hurting or offending.
    -2 without pain.
    -3 pleased, doing anything willingly.
    -4 sincere, genuine, undissembling.
    -व्यवधान a. (ground) uncovered, bare.
    -व्यवश्थ a. moving hither and thither.
    -व्यसन a. free from bad inclination.
    -व्याकुल a. calm.
    -व्याघ्र a. not haunted or infested by tigers.
    -व्याज a.
    1 candid, upright, honest, plain.
    -2 without fraud, true, genuine.
    -3 got by heroism or daring deeds (not by fraud or cowardly conduct); अशस्त्रपूतनिर्व्याजम् (महामांसम्) Māl.5.12. (v. l.)
    -4 not hypocritical; धर्मस्य निर्व्याजता (विभूषणम्) Bh.2.82. (
    -जम् ind.) plainly, honestly, candidly; निर्व्याजमालिङ्गितः Amaru.85.
    -व्याजीकृत a. made plain, freed from deceit.
    -व्यापार a.
    1 without employment or business, free from occupation; तं दधन्मैथिलीकण्ठनिर्व्यापारेण बाहुना R.15.56.
    -2 motionless; U.6.
    -व्यावृत्ति a. not invol- ving any return (to worldly existence).
    -व्रण a.
    1 un- hurt, without wounds.
    -2 without rents.
    -व्रत a. not observing vows.
    -व्रीड a. shameless, impudent.
    -हिमम् cessation of winter.
    -हेति a. weaponless.
    -हेतु a. cause- less, having no cause or reason.
    -ह्रीक a.
    1 shameless, impudent.
    -2 bold, daring.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > निर् _nir

  • 10 job

    1. кадр. робота; праця; 2. посада; місце роботи (служби); 3. ком. замовлення; операція
    1. виконання певних обов'язків чи послуг або виготовлення яких-небудь товарів (goods) на якомусь підприємстві чи в організації, установі як джерело заробітку; 2. службовий обов'язок, службове місце; 3. специфічний план чи проект, який доручає кому-небудь виготовити якийсь товар або виконати завдання
    ═════════■═════════
    blue-collar job робота робітника; bonus job відрядна робота; commercial job комерційне замовлення; component job окрема виробнича операція; contract job замовлення на виробництво продукції • замовлення на послуги • продукція, вироблена на замовлення; dummy job несправжня операція • фіктивна операція; extra job додаткова робота; full-time job робота на повний робочий день • робота на повній ставці • робота протягом повного робочого дня; high-paid job високооплатна робота; individual job окрема робота; key job основна робота; low-paid job низькооплатна робота; odd job випадкова робота • нерегулярна робота; off-season job несезонна робота; part-time job робота на неповний робочий день • робота на неповній ставці • робота на півставки; permanent job постійна робота; piecework job відрядна робота • акордна робота; restricted job регламентована робота; rush job термінова робота; temporary job тимчасова робота; unrestricted job нерегламентована робота; white-collar job робота службовця або інженерно-технічного працівника
    ═════════□═════════
    job applicant особа, що подає заяву на роботу; job application form бланк для заяви на роботу; job card робочий наряд • облікова (калькуляційна) картка замовлень; job centre бюро працевлаштування; job change просування по службі; job classification класифікація робочих завдань • класифікація основних ставок заробітної плати; job costing; job cost system; job creation створення робочих місць; job creation program програма створення робочих місць; job creation scheme план створення робочих місць • програма створення робочих місць; job definition опис робочого завдання; job demand попит на робочі місця; job description опис робочого завдання; job design проектування роботи; job enlargement • укрупнення технологічних операцій • збільшення кількості робочих завдань • надання більшої важливості завданням, що виконуються; job enrichment підвищення різноманітності роботи; job estimate оцінка вартості роботи; job evaluation оцінка робочого завдання • оцінка складності роботи • визначення кваліфікації; job factor фактор роботи • характеристика роботи; job grading класифікація робочих завдань за складністю; job hunting гонитва за високооплачуваною роботою; job interview співбесіда з кандидатом на робоче місце; job migration міграція робочих місць • міграція виробництва; job offer пропозиція роботи; job opening відкриття вакансії; job order costing; job order costing system; job prospects перспективи на одержання роботи; job ranking method методика класифікації робочих завдань; — requirements вимоги до робочого завдання; job responsibilities посадові обов'язки; job retraining program програма перекваліфікації; job rotation ротація робіт • ротація робочих місць • ротація посад; job satisfaction задоволення роботою; job search пошук роботи; job security гарантія збереження робочого місця; job sharing розподіл робочих завдань • розподіл робочих годин; job title назва посади; to be out of a job бути без роботи; to carry out a job виконувати/виконати замовлення; to complete a job виконувати/виконати замовлення; to finish a job виконувати/виконати замовлення; to give a job давати/дати роботу; to give up a job відмовлятися/відмовитися від роботи; to have a job мати роботу; to look for a job шукати роботу; to lose a job втрачати/втратити роботу • бути звільненим з посади (роботи); to need a job потребувати роботи; to retire from a job залишати/залишити посаду (роботу) • іти/піти у відставку • іти/вийти на пенсію
    job:: position:: employment
    ▹▹ employment

    The English-Ukrainian Dictionary > job

  • 11 Liber

    1.
    līber, ĕra, ĕrum (old form, loebesum et loebertatem antiqui dicebant liberum et libertatem. Ita Graeci loibên et leibein, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.; cf. 2. Liber), adj. [Gr. root liph-, liptô, to desire; cf. Sanscr. lub-dhas, desirous; Lat. libet, libido], that acts according to his own will and pleasure, is his own master; free, unrestricted, unrestrained, unimpeded, unshackled; independent, frank, open, bold (opp. servus, servilis).
    I.
    In gen.; constr. absol., with ab, the abl., and poet. also with gen.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    dictum est ab eruditissimis viris, nisi sapientem liberum esse neminem. Quid est enim libertas? Potestas vivendi ut velis,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33:

    an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat, cui leges imponit, praescribit, jubet, vetat? etc.,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 36:

    ad scribendi licentiam liber,

    id. N. D. 1, 44, 123:

    agri immunes ac liberi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166:

    integro animo ac libero causam defendere,

    unprejudiced, unbiased, id. Sull. 31, 86:

    liberi ad causas solutique veniebant,

    not under obligations, not bribed, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78 § 192; cf.:

    libera lingua,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 9:

    cor liberum,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 43:

    vocem liberam mittere adversus aliquem,

    Liv. 35, 32, 6:

    libera verba animi proferre,

    Juv. 4, 90: judicium [p. 1057] audientium relinquere integrum ac liberum, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

    aliquid respuere ingenuo liberoque fastidio,

    id. Brut. 67, 236:

    libero tempore, cum soluta nobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    tibi uni vexatio direptioque sociorum impunita fuit ac libera,

    id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    pars quaestionum vaga et libera et late patens,

    id. de Or. 2, 16, 67:

    liberum arbitrium eis populo Romano permittente,

    Liv. 31, 11 fin.; cf. id. 37, 1, 5:

    mandata,

    full powers, unlimited authority, id. 37, 56; 38, 8:

    fenus,

    unlimited, id. 35, 7: custodia, free custody (i. e. confinement to a house or to a town), id. 24, 45; Vell. 1, 11, 1;

    v. custodia, II.: legatio, v. legatio: suffragia,

    the right of voting freely, Juv. 8, 211:

    locus,

    free from intruders, undisturbed, secure, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 2, 25; id. Cas. 3, 2, 4: aedes, a free house, free dwelling (assigned to the use of ambassadors of friendly nations during their stay in Rome), Liv. 30, 17 fin.; 35, 23; 42, 6:

    lectulus,

    i. e. not shared with a wife, Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5: toga ( poet. for virilis toga), a man's (prop. of one who is his own master), Ov. F. 3, 771:

    vestis,

    id. ib. 3, 777:

    libera omnia sibi servare,

    to reserve to one's self full liberty, Plin. Ep. 1, 5.— Comp.:

    hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 8:

    est finitimus oratori poëta, numeris astrictior paulo, verborum licentia liberior,

    id. de Or. 1, 16, 70:

    liberiores litterae,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 1:

    amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,

    freer, more unrestrained, more cheerful, id. Lael. 18 fin.:

    paulo liberior sententia,

    Quint. 4, 2, 121:

    liberior in utramque partem disputatio,

    id. 7, 2, 14:

    fusiores liberioresque numeri,

    id. 9, 4, 130:

    officia liberiora plenioraque,

    id. 6, 1, 9:

    (flumina) campo recepta Liberioris aquae,

    freer, less impeded, Ov. M. 1, 41; cf.:

    (Tiberinus) campo liberiore natat,

    freer, opener, id. F. 4, 292:

    liberiore frui caelo,

    freer, opener, id. M. 15, 301.— Sup.:

    liberrimum hominum genus, comici veteres tradunt, etc.,

    the frankest, most free-spoken, Quint. 12, 2, 22; cf.:

    liberrime Lolli,

    most frank, most ingenuous, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1:

    indignatio,

    id. Epod. 4, 10.—
    (β).
    Free or exempt from, void of; with ab:

    Mamertini vacui, expertes, soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23; cf.:

    (consul) solutus a cupiditatibus, liber a delictis,

    id. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    ab observando homine perverso liber,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    liber a tali irrisione Socrates, liber Aristo Chius,

    id. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

    ab omni animi perturbatione liber,

    id. Off. 1, 20, 67; id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

    loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,

    id. Att. 15, 16, B:

    libera a ferro crura,

    Ov. P. 1, 6, 32:

    animus liber a partibus rei publicae,

    Sall. C. 4.—
    (γ).
    With abl.:

    animus omni liber curā et angore,

    free from, without, Cic. Fin. 1, 15:

    animus religione,

    Liv. 2, 36:

    animus cogitationibus aliis,

    Quint. 11, 2, 35:

    mens omnibus vitiis,

    id. 12, 1, 4; cf.:

    liberis odio et gratia mentibus,

    id. 5, 11, 37:

    omni liber metu,

    Liv. 7, 34:

    liber invidia,

    Quint. 12, 11, 7:

    equus carcere,

    Ov. Am. 2, 9, 20.—
    (δ).
    With gen. ( poet.):

    liber laborum,

    Hor. A. P. 212:

    fati gens Lydia,

    Verg. A. 10, 154:

    curarum,

    Luc. 4, 384. — Comp.:

    liberior campi,

    having a wider space, Stat. S. 4, 2, 24.—
    (ε).
    Liberum est, with subject-clause:

    quam (opinionem) sequi magis probantibus liberum est,

    it is free, permitted, allowable, Quint. 6, 3, 112; Plin. Ep. 1, 8:

    dies eligere certos liberum erat,

    Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 16.—So in abl. absol.:

    libero, quid firmaret mutaretve,

    Tac. A. 3, 60.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Free, in a social point of view, not a slave (opp. servus;

    also to ingenuus): neque vendendam censes quae libera est,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. v. 28:

    dis habeo gratiam quom aliquot affuerunt liberae, because slaves were not permitted to testify,

    id. And. 4, 4, 32; opp. ingenuus, free-born:

    quid ea? ingenuan' an festucā facta e servā liberast?

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 14:

    in jure civili, qui est matre liberā, liber est,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Caecin. 36, 96:

    si neque censu, neque vindictā, nec testamento liber factus est (servus), non est liber,

    id. Top. 2, 10:

    quae (assentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,

    of a freeman, id. Lael. 24, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 43:

    liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 10; cf. sqq.: ex ancilla et libero jure gentium servus nascitur, id. ib. 1, 82; cf. § 85; Paul. Sent. 2, 24, 1 sqq.—
    B.
    Free, in a political point of view;

    said both of a people not under monarchical rule and of one not in subjection to another people,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48; cf.:

    ut ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum, sic hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsa servitute afficit,

    id. ib. 1, 44, 68:

    liber populus,

    id. ib. 3, 34, 46:

    (Demaratus) vir liber ac fortis,

    democratic, republican, fond of liberty, id. ib. 2, 19, 34:

    civitates liberae atque immunes,

    free from service, Liv. 37, 55:

    provinciae civitatesque liberae,

    Suet. Vesp. 8:

    libera ac foederata oppida,

    id. Calig. 3:

    Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,

    Juv. 8, 244.—
    C.
    In a bad sense, esp. with reference to sensual pleasure, unbridled, unchecked, unrestrained, licentious:

    quam liber harum rerum multarum siet (Juppiter),

    Plaut. Am. prol. 105:

    adulescens imprudens et liber,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40; cf.:

    sit adulescentia liberior,

    somewhat freer, Cic. Cael. 18, 42:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    consuetudo peccandi,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177.—Hence, adv.: lībĕrē, freely, unrestrictedly, without let or hinderance; frankly, openly, boldly:

    qui nihil dicit, nihil facit, nihil cogitat denique, nisi libenter ac libere,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:

    animus somno relaxatus solute movetur et libere,

    id. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    respirare,

    id. Quint. 11, 39:

    constanter et libere (me gessi),

    id. Att. 4, 16, 9:

    consilium dare,

    id. Lael. 13, 44:

    aliquid magis accusatorie quam libere dixisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:

    omnia libere fingimus et impune,

    Quint. 6, 1, 43:

    ut ingredi libere (oratio), non ut licenter videatur errare,

    Cic. Or. 23, 77.— Comp.:

    liberius vivendi fuit potestas,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 23:

    loqui,

    Cic. Planc. 13, 33:

    fortius liberiusque defendere,

    Quint. 12, 1, 21:

    liberius si Dixero quid,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 103:

    maledicere,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 37:

    longius et liberius exseritur digitus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 92; cf. id. 11, 3, 97:

    ipsaque tellus Omnia liberius, nullo poscente, ferebat,

    freely, of itself, spontaneously, Verg. G. 1, 127.
    2.
    līber, ĕri ( gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155;

    but also: liberorum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. [1. liber], a child.
    I.
    Sing. (post-class. and rare):

    si quis maximam portionem libero relinquat,

    Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.—
    II.
    Plur., children (freq.; but in class. Lat. only of children with reference to their parents: pueri = children in general, as younger than adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).
    A.
    Lit.: liberorum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):

    cum conjugibus et liberis,

    Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3:

    eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse,

    id. ib. 16, 11, 1:

    liberos procreare,

    id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109:

    suscipere liberos,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:

    per liberos te precor,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 5:

    dulces,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    parvuli,

    Quint. 2, 15, 8;

    opp. parentes,

    id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: mater quae liberos, quasi oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a privilege enjoyed by those who had three legitimate children (it consisted in the permission to fill a public office before one's twenty-fifth year, and in freedom from personal burdens); this privilege was sometimes also bestowed on those who had fewer than three children, or even none at all; also of one child:

    non est sine liberis, cui vel unus filius unave filia est,

    Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:

    neque ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem)... qui liberos tres haberet,

    Gell. 1, 12, 8:

    uxores duxerant, ex quibus plerique liberos habebant,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and great-grandchildren:

    liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur,

    Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.:

    liberi usque ad trinepotem, ultra hos posteriores vocantur,

    ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7:

    habitus sis in liberum loco,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.—
    2.
    Esp.
    (α).
    Of sons (opp. daughters):

    procreavit liberos septem totidemque filias,

    Hyg. Fab. 9.—
    (β).
    Of children in gen. = pueri:

    praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione,

    Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the title of a book by Varro, v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.—
    B.
    Transf., of animals, young:

    liberis orbas oves,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically:

    quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: alia aliam scandit,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.
    3.
    Līber, ĕri (Sabine collat. form, loebasius, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 1, 7; cf. 1. liber, and libertas init.), m. [Gr. leibô, to pour; loibê, a drink - offering; Lat. libare], an old Italian deity, who presided over planting and fructification; afterwards identified with the Greek Bacchus:

    hunc dico Liberum Semelā natum, non eum, quem nostri majores auguste sancteque Liberum cum Cerere et Libera consecraverunt. Sed quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera: quod in Libera servant, in Libero non item,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 5; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

    tertio (invocabo) Cererem et Liberum, quod horum fructus maxime necessarii ad victum: ab his enim cibus et potio venit e fundo,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 5:

    Liber et alma Ceres,

    Verg. G. 1, 7:

    ex aede Liberi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 128;

    in a pun with 1. liber,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 46; cf. id. Curc. 1, 2, 21; id. Stich. 5, 4, 17; so in a pun with liber, free:

    quiaque adeo me complevi flore Liberi, Magis libera uti lingua collibitum est mihi,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

    salve, anime mi, lepos Liberi, ut veteris ego sum cupida, etc.,

    id. Curc. 1, 2, 3.— Connected with pater:

    sic factum, ut Libero patri repertori vitis hirci immolarentur,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 19:

    Romulus et Liber pater,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 5:

    per vestigia Liberi patris,

    Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 39:

    patre favente Libero fetis palmitibus,

    Col. 3, 21, 3:

    Libero patri in monte res divina celebratur,

    Macr. S. 1, 18, 4.—
    B.
    Meton., wine:

    illud, quod erat a deo donatum, nomine ipsius dei nuncupabant: ut cum fruges Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Liberum: ex quo illud Terentii (Eun. 4, 5, 6): sine Cerere et Libero friget Venus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60:

    Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane,

    Quint. 8, 6, 24; cf. also Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 4 supra:

    sed pressum Calibus ducere Liberum Si gestis, etc.,

    Hor. C. 4, 12, 14:

    condita cum verax aperit praecordia Liber,

    id. S. 1, 4, 89.
    4.
    lĭber, bri, m. [Gr. lepein, to peel; lepos, lepis; cf. lobos], the inner bark or rind of a tree.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    obducuntur libro aut cortice trunci,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120:

    colligatae libris (arundines),

    Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 4:

    udoque docent (germen) inolescere libro,

    Verg. G. 2, 77:

    natam libro et silvestri subere clausam,

    id. A. 11, 554; id. E. 10, 67:

    quam denso fascia libro,

    Juv. 6, 263.—
    B.
    Esp., because the ancients used the bark or rind of trees to write upon; usually the thin rind of the Egyptian papyrus, on which the books of the Greeks and Romans were usually written (v. Dict. of Antiq. p. 587 sq.):

    antea non fuisse chartarum usum. In palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum, dein quarundam arborum libris,

    Plin. 13, 11, 21, § 69.—Hence,
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Paper, parchment, or rolls of any substance used to write upon (cf.:

    charta, membrana): quasi quom in libro scribuntur calamo litterae,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131.—
    B.
    Most freq. a book, work, treatise:

    Demetrii liber de concordia,

    Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:

    quas (sententias) hoc libro exposui,

    id. Lael. 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 5:

    dixi in eo libro, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,

    id. de Sen. 15, 54:

    libros pervolutare,

    id. Att. 5, 12, 2:

    evolvere,

    id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:

    volvere,

    id. Brut. 87, 298:

    legere,

    id. Fam. 6, 6, 8:

    edere,

    id. Fat. 1, 1:

    libri confectio,

    id. de Sen. 1, 1:

    tempus ad libros vacuum,

    id. Rep. 1, 9, 14:

    cujus (Platonis) in libris,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 16:

    in Graecorum libris,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 21:

    librum, si malus est, nequeo laudare,

    Juv. 3, 41:

    actorum libri,

    the official gazette, id. 9, 84; cf. 2, 136; and v. Dict. Antiq. s. v. Acta.—
    C.
    In partic.
    1.
    A division of a work a look:

    tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura Deorum,

    Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3:

    hi tres libri (de Officiis),

    id. Off. 3, 33, 121:

    sermo in novem libros distributus,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 1:

    dictum est in libro superiore,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 43 [p. 1058] sicut superiore libro continetur, Quint. 11, 1, 1:

    versus de libro Ennii annali sexto,

    id. 6, 3, 86:

    liber primus, secundus, tertius, etc.,

    id. 8, 1, 2; 10, 2, 20; 11, 1, 4 al. —Sometimes, in this latter case, liber is omitted:

    in T. Livii primo,

    Quint. 9, 2, 37:

    in tertio de Oratore,

    id. 9, 1, 26:

    legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32.—
    2.
    In relig. or pub. law lang., a religious book, scriptures; a statute - book, code:

    decemviris adire libros jussis,

    i. e. the Sibylline books, Liv. 34, 55; 21, 62; 25, 12:

    se cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

    ut in libris est Etruscorum,

    id. Div. 2, 23, 50; id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

    caerimoniarum,

    rituals, Tac. A. 3, 38.—
    D.
    A list, catalogue, register, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167.—
    E.
    A letter, epistle, Nep. Lys. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5.—
    F.
    A rescript, decree (post-Aug.):

    liber principis severus et tamen moderatus,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 14, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Liber

  • 12 liber

    1.
    līber, ĕra, ĕrum (old form, loebesum et loebertatem antiqui dicebant liberum et libertatem. Ita Graeci loibên et leibein, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.; cf. 2. Liber), adj. [Gr. root liph-, liptô, to desire; cf. Sanscr. lub-dhas, desirous; Lat. libet, libido], that acts according to his own will and pleasure, is his own master; free, unrestricted, unrestrained, unimpeded, unshackled; independent, frank, open, bold (opp. servus, servilis).
    I.
    In gen.; constr. absol., with ab, the abl., and poet. also with gen.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    dictum est ab eruditissimis viris, nisi sapientem liberum esse neminem. Quid est enim libertas? Potestas vivendi ut velis,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33:

    an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat, cui leges imponit, praescribit, jubet, vetat? etc.,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 36:

    ad scribendi licentiam liber,

    id. N. D. 1, 44, 123:

    agri immunes ac liberi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166:

    integro animo ac libero causam defendere,

    unprejudiced, unbiased, id. Sull. 31, 86:

    liberi ad causas solutique veniebant,

    not under obligations, not bribed, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78 § 192; cf.:

    libera lingua,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 9:

    cor liberum,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 43:

    vocem liberam mittere adversus aliquem,

    Liv. 35, 32, 6:

    libera verba animi proferre,

    Juv. 4, 90: judicium [p. 1057] audientium relinquere integrum ac liberum, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

    aliquid respuere ingenuo liberoque fastidio,

    id. Brut. 67, 236:

    libero tempore, cum soluta nobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    tibi uni vexatio direptioque sociorum impunita fuit ac libera,

    id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    pars quaestionum vaga et libera et late patens,

    id. de Or. 2, 16, 67:

    liberum arbitrium eis populo Romano permittente,

    Liv. 31, 11 fin.; cf. id. 37, 1, 5:

    mandata,

    full powers, unlimited authority, id. 37, 56; 38, 8:

    fenus,

    unlimited, id. 35, 7: custodia, free custody (i. e. confinement to a house or to a town), id. 24, 45; Vell. 1, 11, 1;

    v. custodia, II.: legatio, v. legatio: suffragia,

    the right of voting freely, Juv. 8, 211:

    locus,

    free from intruders, undisturbed, secure, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 2, 25; id. Cas. 3, 2, 4: aedes, a free house, free dwelling (assigned to the use of ambassadors of friendly nations during their stay in Rome), Liv. 30, 17 fin.; 35, 23; 42, 6:

    lectulus,

    i. e. not shared with a wife, Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5: toga ( poet. for virilis toga), a man's (prop. of one who is his own master), Ov. F. 3, 771:

    vestis,

    id. ib. 3, 777:

    libera omnia sibi servare,

    to reserve to one's self full liberty, Plin. Ep. 1, 5.— Comp.:

    hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 8:

    est finitimus oratori poëta, numeris astrictior paulo, verborum licentia liberior,

    id. de Or. 1, 16, 70:

    liberiores litterae,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 1:

    amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,

    freer, more unrestrained, more cheerful, id. Lael. 18 fin.:

    paulo liberior sententia,

    Quint. 4, 2, 121:

    liberior in utramque partem disputatio,

    id. 7, 2, 14:

    fusiores liberioresque numeri,

    id. 9, 4, 130:

    officia liberiora plenioraque,

    id. 6, 1, 9:

    (flumina) campo recepta Liberioris aquae,

    freer, less impeded, Ov. M. 1, 41; cf.:

    (Tiberinus) campo liberiore natat,

    freer, opener, id. F. 4, 292:

    liberiore frui caelo,

    freer, opener, id. M. 15, 301.— Sup.:

    liberrimum hominum genus, comici veteres tradunt, etc.,

    the frankest, most free-spoken, Quint. 12, 2, 22; cf.:

    liberrime Lolli,

    most frank, most ingenuous, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1:

    indignatio,

    id. Epod. 4, 10.—
    (β).
    Free or exempt from, void of; with ab:

    Mamertini vacui, expertes, soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23; cf.:

    (consul) solutus a cupiditatibus, liber a delictis,

    id. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    ab observando homine perverso liber,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    liber a tali irrisione Socrates, liber Aristo Chius,

    id. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

    ab omni animi perturbatione liber,

    id. Off. 1, 20, 67; id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

    loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,

    id. Att. 15, 16, B:

    libera a ferro crura,

    Ov. P. 1, 6, 32:

    animus liber a partibus rei publicae,

    Sall. C. 4.—
    (γ).
    With abl.:

    animus omni liber curā et angore,

    free from, without, Cic. Fin. 1, 15:

    animus religione,

    Liv. 2, 36:

    animus cogitationibus aliis,

    Quint. 11, 2, 35:

    mens omnibus vitiis,

    id. 12, 1, 4; cf.:

    liberis odio et gratia mentibus,

    id. 5, 11, 37:

    omni liber metu,

    Liv. 7, 34:

    liber invidia,

    Quint. 12, 11, 7:

    equus carcere,

    Ov. Am. 2, 9, 20.—
    (δ).
    With gen. ( poet.):

    liber laborum,

    Hor. A. P. 212:

    fati gens Lydia,

    Verg. A. 10, 154:

    curarum,

    Luc. 4, 384. — Comp.:

    liberior campi,

    having a wider space, Stat. S. 4, 2, 24.—
    (ε).
    Liberum est, with subject-clause:

    quam (opinionem) sequi magis probantibus liberum est,

    it is free, permitted, allowable, Quint. 6, 3, 112; Plin. Ep. 1, 8:

    dies eligere certos liberum erat,

    Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 16.—So in abl. absol.:

    libero, quid firmaret mutaretve,

    Tac. A. 3, 60.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Free, in a social point of view, not a slave (opp. servus;

    also to ingenuus): neque vendendam censes quae libera est,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. v. 28:

    dis habeo gratiam quom aliquot affuerunt liberae, because slaves were not permitted to testify,

    id. And. 4, 4, 32; opp. ingenuus, free-born:

    quid ea? ingenuan' an festucā facta e servā liberast?

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 14:

    in jure civili, qui est matre liberā, liber est,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Caecin. 36, 96:

    si neque censu, neque vindictā, nec testamento liber factus est (servus), non est liber,

    id. Top. 2, 10:

    quae (assentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,

    of a freeman, id. Lael. 24, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 43:

    liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 10; cf. sqq.: ex ancilla et libero jure gentium servus nascitur, id. ib. 1, 82; cf. § 85; Paul. Sent. 2, 24, 1 sqq.—
    B.
    Free, in a political point of view;

    said both of a people not under monarchical rule and of one not in subjection to another people,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48; cf.:

    ut ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum, sic hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsa servitute afficit,

    id. ib. 1, 44, 68:

    liber populus,

    id. ib. 3, 34, 46:

    (Demaratus) vir liber ac fortis,

    democratic, republican, fond of liberty, id. ib. 2, 19, 34:

    civitates liberae atque immunes,

    free from service, Liv. 37, 55:

    provinciae civitatesque liberae,

    Suet. Vesp. 8:

    libera ac foederata oppida,

    id. Calig. 3:

    Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,

    Juv. 8, 244.—
    C.
    In a bad sense, esp. with reference to sensual pleasure, unbridled, unchecked, unrestrained, licentious:

    quam liber harum rerum multarum siet (Juppiter),

    Plaut. Am. prol. 105:

    adulescens imprudens et liber,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40; cf.:

    sit adulescentia liberior,

    somewhat freer, Cic. Cael. 18, 42:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    consuetudo peccandi,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177.—Hence, adv.: lībĕrē, freely, unrestrictedly, without let or hinderance; frankly, openly, boldly:

    qui nihil dicit, nihil facit, nihil cogitat denique, nisi libenter ac libere,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:

    animus somno relaxatus solute movetur et libere,

    id. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    respirare,

    id. Quint. 11, 39:

    constanter et libere (me gessi),

    id. Att. 4, 16, 9:

    consilium dare,

    id. Lael. 13, 44:

    aliquid magis accusatorie quam libere dixisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:

    omnia libere fingimus et impune,

    Quint. 6, 1, 43:

    ut ingredi libere (oratio), non ut licenter videatur errare,

    Cic. Or. 23, 77.— Comp.:

    liberius vivendi fuit potestas,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 23:

    loqui,

    Cic. Planc. 13, 33:

    fortius liberiusque defendere,

    Quint. 12, 1, 21:

    liberius si Dixero quid,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 103:

    maledicere,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 37:

    longius et liberius exseritur digitus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 92; cf. id. 11, 3, 97:

    ipsaque tellus Omnia liberius, nullo poscente, ferebat,

    freely, of itself, spontaneously, Verg. G. 1, 127.
    2.
    līber, ĕri ( gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155;

    but also: liberorum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. [1. liber], a child.
    I.
    Sing. (post-class. and rare):

    si quis maximam portionem libero relinquat,

    Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.—
    II.
    Plur., children (freq.; but in class. Lat. only of children with reference to their parents: pueri = children in general, as younger than adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).
    A.
    Lit.: liberorum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):

    cum conjugibus et liberis,

    Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3:

    eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse,

    id. ib. 16, 11, 1:

    liberos procreare,

    id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109:

    suscipere liberos,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:

    per liberos te precor,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 5:

    dulces,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    parvuli,

    Quint. 2, 15, 8;

    opp. parentes,

    id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: mater quae liberos, quasi oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a privilege enjoyed by those who had three legitimate children (it consisted in the permission to fill a public office before one's twenty-fifth year, and in freedom from personal burdens); this privilege was sometimes also bestowed on those who had fewer than three children, or even none at all; also of one child:

    non est sine liberis, cui vel unus filius unave filia est,

    Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:

    neque ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem)... qui liberos tres haberet,

    Gell. 1, 12, 8:

    uxores duxerant, ex quibus plerique liberos habebant,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and great-grandchildren:

    liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur,

    Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.:

    liberi usque ad trinepotem, ultra hos posteriores vocantur,

    ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7:

    habitus sis in liberum loco,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.—
    2.
    Esp.
    (α).
    Of sons (opp. daughters):

    procreavit liberos septem totidemque filias,

    Hyg. Fab. 9.—
    (β).
    Of children in gen. = pueri:

    praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione,

    Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the title of a book by Varro, v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.—
    B.
    Transf., of animals, young:

    liberis orbas oves,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically:

    quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: alia aliam scandit,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.
    3.
    Līber, ĕri (Sabine collat. form, loebasius, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 1, 7; cf. 1. liber, and libertas init.), m. [Gr. leibô, to pour; loibê, a drink - offering; Lat. libare], an old Italian deity, who presided over planting and fructification; afterwards identified with the Greek Bacchus:

    hunc dico Liberum Semelā natum, non eum, quem nostri majores auguste sancteque Liberum cum Cerere et Libera consecraverunt. Sed quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera: quod in Libera servant, in Libero non item,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 5; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

    tertio (invocabo) Cererem et Liberum, quod horum fructus maxime necessarii ad victum: ab his enim cibus et potio venit e fundo,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 5:

    Liber et alma Ceres,

    Verg. G. 1, 7:

    ex aede Liberi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 128;

    in a pun with 1. liber,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 46; cf. id. Curc. 1, 2, 21; id. Stich. 5, 4, 17; so in a pun with liber, free:

    quiaque adeo me complevi flore Liberi, Magis libera uti lingua collibitum est mihi,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

    salve, anime mi, lepos Liberi, ut veteris ego sum cupida, etc.,

    id. Curc. 1, 2, 3.— Connected with pater:

    sic factum, ut Libero patri repertori vitis hirci immolarentur,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 19:

    Romulus et Liber pater,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 5:

    per vestigia Liberi patris,

    Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 39:

    patre favente Libero fetis palmitibus,

    Col. 3, 21, 3:

    Libero patri in monte res divina celebratur,

    Macr. S. 1, 18, 4.—
    B.
    Meton., wine:

    illud, quod erat a deo donatum, nomine ipsius dei nuncupabant: ut cum fruges Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Liberum: ex quo illud Terentii (Eun. 4, 5, 6): sine Cerere et Libero friget Venus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60:

    Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane,

    Quint. 8, 6, 24; cf. also Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 4 supra:

    sed pressum Calibus ducere Liberum Si gestis, etc.,

    Hor. C. 4, 12, 14:

    condita cum verax aperit praecordia Liber,

    id. S. 1, 4, 89.
    4.
    lĭber, bri, m. [Gr. lepein, to peel; lepos, lepis; cf. lobos], the inner bark or rind of a tree.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    obducuntur libro aut cortice trunci,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120:

    colligatae libris (arundines),

    Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 4:

    udoque docent (germen) inolescere libro,

    Verg. G. 2, 77:

    natam libro et silvestri subere clausam,

    id. A. 11, 554; id. E. 10, 67:

    quam denso fascia libro,

    Juv. 6, 263.—
    B.
    Esp., because the ancients used the bark or rind of trees to write upon; usually the thin rind of the Egyptian papyrus, on which the books of the Greeks and Romans were usually written (v. Dict. of Antiq. p. 587 sq.):

    antea non fuisse chartarum usum. In palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum, dein quarundam arborum libris,

    Plin. 13, 11, 21, § 69.—Hence,
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Paper, parchment, or rolls of any substance used to write upon (cf.:

    charta, membrana): quasi quom in libro scribuntur calamo litterae,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131.—
    B.
    Most freq. a book, work, treatise:

    Demetrii liber de concordia,

    Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:

    quas (sententias) hoc libro exposui,

    id. Lael. 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 5:

    dixi in eo libro, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,

    id. de Sen. 15, 54:

    libros pervolutare,

    id. Att. 5, 12, 2:

    evolvere,

    id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:

    volvere,

    id. Brut. 87, 298:

    legere,

    id. Fam. 6, 6, 8:

    edere,

    id. Fat. 1, 1:

    libri confectio,

    id. de Sen. 1, 1:

    tempus ad libros vacuum,

    id. Rep. 1, 9, 14:

    cujus (Platonis) in libris,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 16:

    in Graecorum libris,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 21:

    librum, si malus est, nequeo laudare,

    Juv. 3, 41:

    actorum libri,

    the official gazette, id. 9, 84; cf. 2, 136; and v. Dict. Antiq. s. v. Acta.—
    C.
    In partic.
    1.
    A division of a work a look:

    tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura Deorum,

    Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3:

    hi tres libri (de Officiis),

    id. Off. 3, 33, 121:

    sermo in novem libros distributus,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 1:

    dictum est in libro superiore,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 43 [p. 1058] sicut superiore libro continetur, Quint. 11, 1, 1:

    versus de libro Ennii annali sexto,

    id. 6, 3, 86:

    liber primus, secundus, tertius, etc.,

    id. 8, 1, 2; 10, 2, 20; 11, 1, 4 al. —Sometimes, in this latter case, liber is omitted:

    in T. Livii primo,

    Quint. 9, 2, 37:

    in tertio de Oratore,

    id. 9, 1, 26:

    legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32.—
    2.
    In relig. or pub. law lang., a religious book, scriptures; a statute - book, code:

    decemviris adire libros jussis,

    i. e. the Sibylline books, Liv. 34, 55; 21, 62; 25, 12:

    se cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

    ut in libris est Etruscorum,

    id. Div. 2, 23, 50; id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

    caerimoniarum,

    rituals, Tac. A. 3, 38.—
    D.
    A list, catalogue, register, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167.—
    E.
    A letter, epistle, Nep. Lys. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5.—
    F.
    A rescript, decree (post-Aug.):

    liber principis severus et tamen moderatus,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 14, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > liber

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